Shloka 15

न जीयते चानुजिगीषते<न्यान्‌ न वैरकृच्चाप्रतिघातकश्न । निन्दाप्रशंसासु समस्वभावो न शोचते हृष्पति नैव चायम्‌,जो न तो स्वयं किसीसे जीता जाता, न दूसरोंको जीतनेकी इच्छा करता है, न किसीके साथ वैर करता और न दूसरोंको चोट पहुँचाना चाहता है, जो निन्दा और प्रशंसामें समानभाव रखता है, वह हर्ष-शोकसे परे हो जाता है

na jīyate cānujigīṣate 'nyān na vairakṛc cāpratighātakaś ca | nindāpraśaṃsāsu samasvabhāvo na śocate hṛṣyati naiva cāyam ||

หงส์กล่าวว่า ผู้ใดไม่ถูกผู้อื่นพิชิต และไม่ใฝ่จะพิชิตผู้ใด ไม่ก่อเวรและไม่ปรารถนาจะทำร้ายผู้อื่น มีใจเสมอในคำติและคำสรรเสริญ ผู้นั้นไม่หวั่นไหวด้วยโศก และไม่ลิงโลดด้วยสุข—ย่อมก้าวพ้นทั้งสองประการ

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जीयतेis conquered
जीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormLat, Atmanepada, Karmani (passive), 3, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुजिगीषतेdesires to conquer (after/over)
अनुजिगीषते:
TypeVerb
Rootजि
FormLat, Atmanepada, अनु, 3, singular
अन्यान्others
अन्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वैरकृत्one who makes enmity
वैरकृत्:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootवैरकृत्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अप्रतिघातकःnot a striker; non-injurer
अप्रतिघातकः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootप्रतिघातक
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
निन्दाप्रशंसासुin blame and praise
निन्दाप्रशंसासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिन्दा-प्रशंसा
Formfeminine, locative, plural
समस्वभावःof even disposition
समस्वभावः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्वभाव
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शोचतेgrieves
शोचते:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormLat, Atmanepada, 3, singular
हृष्यतिrejoices
हृष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootहृष्
FormLat, Parasmaipada, 3, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

हंस उवाच

हंस (Haṃsa)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches inner freedom through non-competitiveness, non-enmity, and non-harm, grounded in equanimity toward praise and blame. One who neither seeks to dominate nor retaliate, and who remains even-minded, transcends the oscillation of joy and sorrow.

In Udyoga Parva, amid counsel and moral instruction before the great war, the speaker identified as Haṃsa delivers a teaching on the marks of a spiritually mature and ethically disciplined person—describing the temperament that remains unshaken by social approval or condemnation and avoids hostility and harm.