Shloka 55
Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 34 — Vidura’s Counsel on Deliberation, Speech-Discipline, and Dharmic Kingship
Devanagari script
यज्ञों दानमध्ययनं तपश्न चत्वार्येतान्यन्ववेतानि सद्धिः | दम: सत्यमार्जवमानृशंस्यं चत्वार्येतान्यनुयान्ति सन्त:
Translation
ยัญพิธี การให้ทาน การศึกษาแห่งคัมภีร์ และตบะ—สี่ประการนี้ย่อมผูกพันอยู่กับสัตบุรุษเป็นนิตย์ ส่วนการสำรวมอินทรีย์ ความสัตย์ ความตรง และความเมตตา—สี่ประการนี้แลที่เหล่าสันต์ดำเนินตาม
Word by Word
यज्ञाःsacrifices
यज्ञाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दानम्gift, charity
दानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अध्ययनम्study
अध्ययनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअध्ययन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तपःausterity
तपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
चत्वारिfour
चत्वारि:
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
एतानिthese
एतानि:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अन्ववेतानिhave followed/attended (are associated with)
अन्ववेतानि:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु √इ (एति)
FormPerfect, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सद्भिःby/with the good (virtuous people)
सद्भिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
दमःself-control
दमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
आर्जवम्straightforwardness
आर्जवम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआर्जव
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनृशंस्यम्non-cruelty, compassion
अनृशंस्यम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनृशंस्य
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चत्वारिfour
चत्वारि:
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
एतानिthese
एतानि:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अनुयान्तिfollow, practice
अनुयान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु √या (याति)
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
सन्तःthe good (saints, virtuous people)
सन्तः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
Speaker
विदुर उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes