Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 43

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

एकं हन्यान्न वा हन्यादिषुर्मुक्तो धनुष्मता । बुद्धिर्बुद्धिमतोत्सृष्टा हन्याद्‌ राष्ट्र सराजकम्‌,किसी धनुर्धर वीरके द्वारा छोड़ा हुआ बाण सम्भव है, एकको भी मारे या न मारे। परन्तु बुद्धिमानद्वारा प्रयुक्त की हुई बुद्धि राजाके साथ-साथ सम्पूर्ण राष्ट्रका विनाश कर सकती है

ekaṁ hanyān na vā hanyādiṣur mukto dhanuṣmatā | buddhir buddhimatotsṛṣṭā hanyād rāṣṭraṁ sa-rājakam ||

ศรเพียงดอกเดียวที่นักธนูผู้ชำนาญปล่อยไป อาจฆ่าคนได้เพียงหนึ่ง—หรืออาจไม่ฆ่าเลยก็ได้ แต่ปัญญาและคำปรึกษาที่ผู้มีปัญญาแท้ปล่อยออกไปนั้น อาจทำลายทั้งแว่นแคว้นพร้อมพระราชาได้

एकम्one (person)
एकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हन्यात्might kill
हन्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
हन्यात्might kill
हन्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इषुःan arrow
इषुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइषु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुक्तःreleased, shot
मुक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootमुच्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
धनुष्मताby a bowman (one possessing a bow)
धनुष्मता:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधनुष्मत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
बुद्धिःintelligence, counsel
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धिमताby an intelligent man
बुद्धिमता:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धिमत्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
उत्सृष्टाsent forth, employed
उत्सृष्टा:
TypeVerb
Rootउत्सृज्
FormPast passive participle (क्त), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
हन्यात्might destroy/kill
हन्यात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राष्ट्रम्kingdom, realm
राष्ट्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
सराजकम्together with its king
सराजकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस-राजक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
A
arrow (iṣuḥ)
A
archer (dhanuṣmat)
K
king (rāja)
K
kingdom/state (rāṣṭra)

Educational Q&A

Physical weapons have limited reach, but counsel and intelligence—especially when used wrongly—can reshape events and ruin an entire polity. Therefore, advice and policy must be guided by dharma, foresight, and restraint.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war deliberations, Vidura offers moral and political counsel. Here he contrasts the limited harm of an arrow with the far-reaching power of strategic advice, warning the court about the destructive potential of misguided decisions.