Shloka 27
Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition
तत्त्वज्ञ: सर्वभूतानां योगज्ञ: सर्वकर्मणाम् । उपायज्ञो मनुष्याणां नर: पण्डित उच्यते,जो सम्पूर्ण भौतिक पदार्थोकी असलियतका ज्ञान रखनेवाला, सब कार्योंके करनेका ढंग जाननेवाला तथा मनुष्योंमें सबसे बढ़कर उपायका जानकार है, वह मनुष्य पण्डित कहलाता है
tattvajñaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ yogajñaḥ sarvakarmaṇām | upāyajño manuṣyāṇāṃ naraḥ paṇḍita ucyate ||
ผู้ใดรู้ตถตาแห่งสรรพสัตว์ รู้โยคะแห่งการงานทั้งปวงคือระเบียบและวิธีอันถูกต้อง และในหมู่มนุษย์รู้กลอุบายอันเหมาะสมยิ่ง—ผู้นั้นแลเรียกว่าเป็นบัณฑิต
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
A true paṇḍita combines three competencies: insight into reality (tattva-jñāna), mastery of right method in action (yoga-jñāna), and practical knowledge of effective means (upāya-jñāna). Wisdom is not only theory but also disciplined action and skillful, ethical strategy.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers counsel (nīti) during the tense pre-war negotiations. Here he defines what counts as genuine learning and competence, implicitly urging rulers and courtiers to value truth, disciplined conduct, and prudent means over mere rhetoric or power.