Shloka 112

Adhyaya 32: Saṃjaya’s Return, Audience with Dhṛtarāṣṭra, and Ethical Admonition

Devanagari script

न वैरमुद्दीपयति प्रशान्तं न दर्पमारोहति नास्तमेति । न दुर्गतो5स्मीति करोत्यकार्य तमार्यशीलं परमाहुरार्या:,जो शान्त हुई वैरकी आगको फिर प्रज्वलित नहीं करता, गर्व नहीं करता, हीनता नहीं दिखाता तथा “मैं विपत्तिमें पड़ा हूँ” ऐसा सोचकर अनुचित काम नहीं करता, उस उत्तम आचरणवाले पुरुषको आर्यजन सर्वश्रेष्ठ कहते हैं

Transliteration

na vairam uddīpayati praśāntaṃ na darpam ārohati nāstam eti | na durgato 'smīti karoty akāryaṃ tam āryaśīlaṃ param āhur āryāḥ ||

Translation

ผู้ใดไม่จุดไฟอาฆาตที่สงบแล้วให้ลุกขึ้นอีก ไม่ไต่ขึ้นสู่อหังการ และไม่จมลงสู่ความท้อแท้; ทั้งแม้คิดว่า “เราตกอยู่ในทุกข์เข็ญ” ก็ไม่กระทำสิ่งอันไม่ควร—ผู้นั้นผู้มีจริยาแห่งอารยะ ย่อมได้รับการประกาศจากบัณฑิตว่าเป็นยอดแห่งผู้ประเสริฐ

Word by Word

• {'vairam': 'enmity, feud', 'uddīpayati': 'rekindles, inflames, kindles up', 'praśāntam': 'pacified, calmed, settled', 'darpam': 'pride, arrogance', 'ārohati': 'mounts, ascends, takes up', 'nāstam eti': 'does not go down

• does not fall into decline/dejection', 'durgataḥ': 'in misfortune, in distress, in a bad condition', 'asmi iti': 'thinking ‘I am’ (i.e., ‘I am in such a state’)', 'karoti': 'does, commits', 'akāryam': 'what ought not to be done

• improper act', 'āryaśīlam': 'of noble conduct

• possessing Aryan virtues', 'param': 'supreme, best', 'āhuḥ': 'they say, they declare', 'āryāḥ': 'the noble/wise people'}

Speaker

विदुर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vidura

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A noble person practices restraint: he does not revive settled hostility, avoids pride and despair, and refuses to justify wrongdoing even under hardship. True excellence is measured by steady ethical conduct, especially in adversity.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Udyoga Parva, Vidura delivers counsel on righteous conduct (nīti) amid rising tensions before the Kurukṣetra war. This verse defines the marks of an ‘ārya’—one who remains ethically steady and does not let conflict or misfortune drive him into arrogance, despondency, or improper acts.