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Shloka 13

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 28: Dharmādharmalakṣaṇa in Āpad

Crisis-Discernment of Right and Wrong

जिन्होंने देवताओंमें श्रेष्ठ स्थान पानेकी इच्छासे तन्‍्द्रारहित होकर ब्रह्मचर्य-व्रतका पालन किया था, वे महातेजस्वी बलसूदन इन्द्र भी आलस्य छोड़कर (कर्मपरायण होकर ही) मेघगर्जनाद्वारा आकाश तथा दिशाओंको गुँजाते हुए समय-समयपर वर्षा करते हैं ।।

hitvā sukhaṁ manasaś ca priyāṇi tena śakraḥ karmaṇā śraiṣṭhyam āpa | satyaṁ dharmaṁ pālayann apramatto damaṁ titikṣāṁ samatāṁ priyaṁ ca ||

วายุกล่าวว่า—เมื่อสละความสุขส่วนตนและสิ่งอันเป็นที่รักของใจแล้ว ศักระ (อินทร์) ก็ได้บรรลุความเป็นเลิศสูงสุดด้วยการกระทำอันมีวินัย เขาเฝ้าระวังไม่ประมาท ดำรงไว้ซึ่งสัจจะและธรรมะ ฝึกการสำรวมอินทรีย์ ความอดทน ความเสมอภาคแห่งใจ และความประพฤติที่เป็นที่พอใจและเป็นประโยชน์แก่ชนทั้งปวง

हित्वाhaving abandoned
हित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (त्यागे)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), कर्तरि
सुखम्pleasure, comfort
सुखम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मनसःof the mind
मनसः:
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
प्रियाणिdear things
प्रियाणि:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
तेनby that, thereby
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
शक्रःŚakra (Indra)
शक्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशक्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्मणाby action, by deeds
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
श्रैष्ठ्यम्excellence, supremacy
श्रैष्ठ्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रैष्ठ्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आपattained
आप:
TypeVerb
Rootआप् (प्राप्तौ)
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सत्यम्truth
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
धर्मम्dharma, righteousness
धर्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पालयन्protecting, observing
पालयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपालय् (पालने) / पाल्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अप्रमत्तःvigilant, not negligent
अप्रमत्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रमत्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दमम्self-control
दमम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तितिक्षाम्forbearance
तितिक्षाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतितिक्षा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
समताम्equanimity
समताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
प्रियम्what is pleasing / kind conduct
प्रियम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyu (Vāyudeva)
Ś
Śakra (Indra)

Educational Q&A

Supremacy and true excellence arise from renouncing indulgent comfort and steadily practicing dharma: truthfulness, vigilant responsibility, self-restraint, endurance, and equanimity. The verse frames greatness as the result of ethical discipline (karma aligned with dharma), not mere privilege.

Vāyu cites Indra as an exemplar: by giving up personal pleasures and remaining alert in righteous conduct, Indra attained preeminence among the gods. The statement functions as moral instruction within the Udyoga Parva’s counsel-oriented setting.