Shloka 5
Adhyāya 195 — Arjuna’s Capability and Restraint Regarding Divyāstras
Udyoga Parva
Devanagari script
अथ सैन्यं यथायोगं पूजयित्वा नरर्षभ:
Transliteration
atha sainyaṃ yathāyogaṃ pūjayitvā nararṣabhaḥ
Translation
ครั้นแล้วบุรุษผู้ประเสริฐนั้นก็ทรงถวายเกียรติแก่กองทัพตามกาลและตามธรรมเนียมอันสมควร
Word by Word
अथthen/thereupon
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
सैन्यम्army
सैन्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यथाas/according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
योगम्proper arrangement/order
योगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पूजयित्वाhaving honored/worshipped
पूजयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootपूज्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
नरर्षभःthe bull among men (best of men)
नरर्षभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनरर्षभ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
व
वैशम्पायन (Vaiśampāyana)स
सैन्य (the army)न
नरर्षभ (an unnamed eminent man/leader, epithet)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
Even on the brink of conflict, dharma requires proper conduct: a leader should honor and acknowledge the army according to custom, reinforcing morale, order, and ethical responsibility rather than treating warriors as mere instruments.
Vaiśampāyana narrates that an eminent leader first performs the fitting act of honoring the assembled troops, and only then moves forward with the next action in the episode, emphasizing orderly preparation in the war-setting.