Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 11

Bhīṣma’s Dream-Counsel and the Prasvāpa Astra (भीष्मस्वप्नदर्शनम् / प्रस्वापास्त्रोपदेशः)

क्षत्रियस्थ तु धर्मोड्यं यद्‌ युद्धे भूगुनन्दन । स्वाध्यायो व्रतचर्याथ ब्राह्मणानां परं धनम्‌,भृगुनन्दन! क्षत्रियका तो युद्ध करना धर्म ही है; किंतु ब्राह्मणोंके लिये वेदोंका स्वाध्याय तथा उत्तम व्रतोंका पालन ही परम धर्म है

kṣatriyasya tu dharmo ’yaṃ yad yuddhe bhṛgunandana | svādhyāyo vratacaryā ca brāhmaṇānāṃ paraṃ dhanam ||

โอผู้สืบสายภฤคุ! ธรรมของกษัตริย์นักรบย่อมเป็นความมั่นคงในสนามรบ; แต่สำหรับพราหมณ์ ทรัพย์อันสูงสุดคือการสวาธยายพระเวทอย่างมีวินัยและการถือพรตอันประเสริฐ

क्षत्रियस्यof a Kshatriya
क्षत्रियस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
धर्मःduty/dharma
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उद्यमःendeavor/effort
उद्यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउद्यम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यत्namely/that which
यत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयद्
युद्धेin battle
युद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भृगुनन्दनO descendant/delight of Bhrigu
भृगुनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootभृगुनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
स्वाध्यायःVedic self-study/recitation
स्वाध्यायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्याय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्रतचर्याobservance of vows
व्रतचर्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्रतचर्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अथand/then
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
ब्राह्मणानाम्of Brahmins
ब्राह्मणानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
परम्supreme/highest
परम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धनम्wealth/treasure
धनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भृगुनन्दनO descendant/delight of Bhrigu
भृगुनन्दन:
TypeNoun
Rootभृगुनन्दन
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bhṛgunandana (descendant of Bhṛgu)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma distinguishes role-based dharma: a kṣatriya’s righteousness is expressed through courage and duty in battle, while a brāhmaṇa’s highest good lies in Vedic study (svādhyāya) and disciplined observance of vows (vrata).

In the Udyoga Parva’s counsel and deliberations before the great war, Bhīṣma instructs a Bhārgava interlocutor by clarifying what constitutes proper conduct for different social roles, emphasizing that dharma is contextual to one’s station and discipline.