Shloka 43

Kaurava Mobilization at Kurukṣetra (Duryodhana Orders War Preparations) / कुरुक्षेत्रे धार्तराष्ट्र-सैन्यसज्जा

Devanagari script

कृतो यत्नो महांस्तत्र शम: स्यथादिति भारत । धर्मस्य गतमानृण्यं न सम वाच्या विवक्षताम्‌

Transliteration

kṛto yatno mahāṁs tatra śamaḥ syathāditi bhārata | dharmasya gatam ānṛṇyaṁ na sama-vācyā vivakṣatām ||

Translation

ไวศัมปายนะกล่าวว่า “โอ้ภารตะ ที่นั่นได้กระทำความเพียรอย่างยิ่งด้วยมุ่งหมายให้เกิดสันติ ด้วยเหตุนั้นเราทั้งหลายจึงพ้นจากหนี้ที่ค้างต่อธรรมแล้ว ฉะนั้นแม้ผู้ที่กระหายจะกล่าวโทษผู้อื่น ก็ไม่อาจยกข้อกล่าวหาอันเสมอกันมาปรักปรำเราได้อีก”

Word by Word

• कृतः: done, made
• कृतः: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• यत्नः: effort
• यत्नः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यत्न
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• महान्: great
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत्
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• तत्र: there, in that matter
• तत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र

• शमः: peace, pacification
• शमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शम
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• स्यात्: may be, should be
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: विधिलिङ्, प्रथम, एकवचन

• इति: thus (quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• भारत: O Bharata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: पुं, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• धर्मस्य: of dharma, of righteousness
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म
• Form: पुं, षष्ठी, एकवचन

• गत: gone, attained
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गम् (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त)
• Form: नपुं, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• मानृण्यम्: freedom from debt, discharge of obligation
• मानृण्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनृण्य
• Form: नपुं, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• समम्: equal; (here) properly, justly
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम
• Form: नपुं, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन

• वाच्याः: to be spoken of / to be blamed (as 'speakable')
• वाच्याः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वच् (तव्य/य-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त: वाच्य)
• Form: पुं, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• विवक्षताम्: of those wishing to speak (i.e., fault-finders)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवक्ष् (इच्छार्थक धातु; शतृ/शानच्-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त: विवक्षत्)
• Form: पुं, षष्ठी, बहुवचन

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Bhārata (addressed person; Kuru descendant)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Before resorting to war, one must sincerely attempt reconciliation; making a genuine effort for peace discharges one’s obligation to dharma and removes grounds for legitimate moral blame.

What is happening in the narrative?

The speaker reports that a substantial attempt at establishing peace was undertaken. Because that duty was fulfilled, the party speaking can claim moral clearance: even habitual critics cannot fairly accuse them of failing to pursue peace.