Shloka 11

ययातिपतनम् — Yayāti’s Fall and the Offer of Dharma

Nārada’s Account

Devanagari script

चरन्ती हरिणै: सार्थ मृगीव वनचारिणी । चचार विपुलं धर्म ब्रह्मचर्येण संवृतम्‌

Transliteration

carantī hariṇaiḥ sārthaṃ mṛgīvavanacāriṇī | cacāra vipulaṃ dharmaṃ brahmacaryeṇa saṃvṛtam ||

Translation

นารทกล่าวว่า “นางเที่ยวไปพร้อมฝูงกวาง ดุจกวางตัวเมียผู้ท่องป่า และได้ประพฤติธรรมอันกว้างใหญ่ โดยมีพรหมจรรย์เป็นเครื่องคุ้มครองและกำกับตน”

Word by Word

• चरन्ती: wandering / grazing (she who moves about)
• चरन्ती: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर् (धातु)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular, शतृ (present active participle)

• हरिणैः: with deer
• हरिणैः: Saha (associative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरिण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• सार्थम्: together / in company
• सार्थम्: Saha (associative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सार्थम् (अव्यय)

• मृगी: a doe
• मृगी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मृगी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• इव: like / as
• इव: Upamana (comparative marker)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इव (अव्यय)

• वनचारिणी: forest-roaming (female)
• वनचारिणी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वनचारिणी (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• चचार: she wandered / she roamed
• Type: Verb
• Root: चर् (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• विपुलम्: great / abundant
• विपुलम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विपुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• धर्मम्: dharma / righteous conduct
• धर्मम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• ब्रह्मचर्येण: by celibacy / by brahmacarya
• ब्रह्मचर्येण: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्रह्मचर्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• संवृतम्: covered / enclosed / restrained
• संवृतम्: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + वृ (धातु)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)

Speaker

नारद उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Nārada
• deer (hariṇa)
• doe (mṛgī)
• forest (vana)
• brahmacarya
• dharma

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse presents brahmacarya (disciplined chastity and self-restraint) as a protective boundary that enables the practice of ‘vipula dharma’—a broad, elevated ethical life. Inner restraint is shown as the condition for sustained righteousness.

What is happening in the narrative?

Nārada describes a woman living in the forest in the company of deer, roaming like a doe. Her wilderness life is portrayed as purposeful: she is engaged in serious dharma-practice, characterized and safeguarded by brahmacarya.