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Shloka 21

Vasiṣṭha on Saṃsāra, Guṇas, and Misattributed Agency

Mahābhārata 12.292

स चाप्यग्न्याहितो विप्र: क्रिया यस्य न हीयते । श्रेयो हानाहिताग्नित्वमग्निहोत्रं न निष्क्रियम्‌

sa cāpy agnyāhito vipraḥ kriyā yasya na hīyate | śreyo hānāhitāgnitvam agnihotraṃ na niṣkriyam ||

และพราหมณ์ผู้ตั้งไฟศักดิ์สิทธิ์นั้นด้วย ผู้ซึ่งพิธีกรรมอันพึงกระทำมิได้เสื่อมคลาย—ย่อมดีกว่านักที่จะไม่รักษาไฟพิธีเสียเลย มากกว่าจะประกอบอัคนิโหตระอย่าง “ไร้ฤทธิ์พิธี” และปราศจากความเคร่งครัดแห่งการปฏิบัติ

सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अग्न्याहितःone who has established/maintained the sacred fires
अग्न्याहितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअग्न्याहित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विप्रःbrahmin
विप्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रियाritual act/observance
क्रिया:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्रिया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हीयतेis diminished/declines
हीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (हाय्)
FormPresent, Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive/Impersonal (bhāva-prayoga)
श्रेयःbetter/good (the preferable course)
श्रेयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हानाहिताग्नित्वम्the state of not having (established) the sacred fires
हानाहिताग्नित्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनाहिताग्नित्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अग्निहोत्रम्Agnihotra (fire-offering rite)
अग्निहोत्रम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअग्निहोत्र
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निष्क्रियम्inactive/without proper performance
निष्क्रियम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्क्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

पराशर उवाच

P
Parāśara
V
vipra (brāhmaṇa)
Ā
āhitāgni (sacred fires)
A
Agnihotra

Educational Q&A

Ritual status and outward observance are not sufficient; if the Agnihotra and related duties are performed without proper discipline, intent, and efficacy, it is ethically better not to claim or maintain the ritual-fire status at all. Dharma prioritizes genuine, effective practice over hollow form.

Parāśara is instructing about the standards of righteous conduct for a brāhmaṇa, using the example of the āhitāgni and the Agnihotra to emphasize that rites must be sustained correctly; otherwise, the mere external badge of ritualism becomes spiritually counterproductive.