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Shloka 49

Adhyāya 270 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s inquiry on saṃnyāsa; Bhīṣma on calculable time, tamas, and karma

Vṛtra–Uśanā exemplum begins

न देवैरननुज्ञात: कश्चिद्‌ भवति धार्मिक: । एष शक्तो5सि तपसा दातुं राज्यं धनानि च,देवताओंकी अनुमति प्राप्त किये बिना कोई निर्विष्नरूपसे धर्मका अनुष्ठान नहीं कर सकता; किंतु तुम्हें तो देवताओंका अनुग्रह प्राप्त हो गया है। इसलिये अब तुम अपने तपके प्रभावसे दूसरोंको राज्य और धन देनेमें समर्थ हो गये हो

na devair ananujñātaḥ kaścid bhavati dhārmikaḥ | eṣa śakto 'si tapasā dātuṃ rājyaṃ dhanāni ca |

กุณฑธารกล่าวว่า—“ไม่มีผู้ใดจะเป็นผู้ทรงธรรมได้อย่างแท้จริง หากมิได้รับอนุญาตจากเทพทั้งหลาย แต่ท่านได้รับพระกรุณาจากเทพแล้ว; เพราะฉะนั้น ด้วยอานุภาพแห่งตบะ ท่านจึงสามารถประทานราชสมบัติและทรัพย์สินแก่ผู้อื่นได้”

{'na''not', 'devaiḥ': 'by the gods
{'na':
with the gods (instrumental plural of deva)', 'ananujñātaḥ''not permitted/approved
with the gods (instrumental plural of deva)', 'ananujñātaḥ':
not sanctioned', 'kaścit''anyone
not sanctioned', 'kaścit':
someone', 'bhavati''becomes
someone', 'bhavati':
is', 'dhārmikaḥ''righteous
is', 'dhārmikaḥ':
one who acts according to dharma', 'eṣaḥ''this
one who acts according to dharma', 'eṣaḥ':
here (emphatic reference)', 'śaktaḥ''able
here (emphatic reference)', 'śaktaḥ':
empowered', 'asi''you are', 'tapasā': 'by austerity
empowered', 'asi':
by ascetic power (instrumental of tapas)', 'dātum''to give
by ascetic power (instrumental of tapas)', 'dātum':
to bestow', 'rājyam''kingdom
to bestow', 'rājyam':
royal authority', 'dhanāni''wealth
royal authority', 'dhanāni':
riches (plural)', 'ca''and'}
riches (plural)', 'ca':

कुण्डधार उवाच

K
Kuṇḍadhāra
D
deva (the gods)
R
rājya (sovereignty/kingdom)
D
dhana (wealth)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is not merely personal intention; it requires alignment with a higher cosmic order, expressed here as the gods’ sanction. When one gains divine favor through tapas, one’s capacity expands from self-discipline to beneficence—bestowing legitimate authority and wealth for the welfare of others.

Kuṇḍadhāra addresses someone who has attained divine grace through austerities, affirming that such approval is the basis of true righteousness and declaring that the addressee is now empowered—by ascetic merit—to confer kingship and riches upon others.