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Shloka 36

Adhyāya 270 — Yudhiṣṭhira’s inquiry on saṃnyāsa; Bhīṣma on calculable time, tamas, and karma

Vṛtra–Uśanā exemplum begins

वायुभक्षस्ततः पश्चाद्‌ बहून्‌ वर्षमणानभूत्‌ । न चास्य क्षीयते प्राणस्तदद्भुतमिवाभवत्‌,कुछ कालके बाद वह ब्राह्मण सारे फल-मूलका भोजन छोड़कर केवल पत्ते चबाकर रहने लगा। फिर पत्तेका भी त्याग करके केवल जल पीकर निर्वाह करने लगा। तत्पश्चात्‌ बहुत वर्षोतक वह केवल वायु पीकर रहा। फिर भी उसकी प्राणशक्ति क्षीण नहीं होती थी, यह एक अदभुत-सी बात थी

vāyubhakṣas tataḥ paścād bahūn varṣamāṇān abhūt | na cāsya kṣīyate prāṇas tad adbhutam ivābhavat ||

ต่อจากนั้น เขาดำรงอยู่เนิ่นนานหลายปีด้วยการอาศัยลมเป็นอาหารเท่านั้น แต่กำลังชีวิตของเขามิได้ร่อยหรอ—ประหนึ่งเป็นเรื่องอัศจรรย์

वायुभक्षःone who feeds on air
वायुभक्षः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवायुभक्ष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ततःthen/from that time
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
बहून्many
बहून्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वर्षान्years
वर्षान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अभूत्was/became
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अस्यof him/his
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
क्षीयतेdiminishes/wanes
क्षीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षि
FormPresent (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
प्राणःlife-breath/vitality
प्राणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अद्भुतम्wonderful/marvellous
अद्भुतम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअद्भुत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
अभवत्was/became
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
a brāhmaṇa (ascetic)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the power of tapas (austerity) and disciplined self-restraint: through sustained ascetic practice, the mind and life-force can attain remarkable steadiness, illustrating the ethical ideal of mastery over bodily cravings.

Bhīṣma describes an ascetic brāhmaṇa who progressively renounces nourishment until he lives only on air for many years; despite this extreme austerity, his prāṇa (vital force) does not wane, which is presented as astonishing.