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Shloka 49

कपिलगोसंवादे गृहस्थ-त्यागधर्मयोः प्रमाण्यविचारः

Kapila–Cow Dialogue: Authority of Householder and Renunciant Dharmas

आपने सागरके तटपर सजल प्रदेशमें रहकर बड़ी भारी तपस्या की है, परंतु पहले कभी किसी तरह आपको यह बोध नहीं हुआ था कि मैं बड़ा धर्मवान्‌ हूँ ।। ततः सिद्धस्य तपसा तव विप्र शकुन्तका: । क्षिप्रं शिरस्पजायन्त ते च सम्भावितास्त्वया

tataḥ siddhasya tapasā tava vipra śakuntakāḥ | kṣipraṃ śirasprajāyanta te ca sambhāvitās tvayā ||

ต่อมา โอ้พราหมณ์ เมื่อบำเพ็ญตบะของท่านสำเร็จผลแล้ว นกทั้งหลายก็ปรากฏขึ้นอย่างรวดเร็วบนศีรษะของท่าน; และท่านถือเอาเป็นนิมิต จึงเริ่มสำคัญตนว่าเป็นผู้ควรแก่การยกย่อง

ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
सिद्धस्यof the accomplished/perfected one
सिद्धस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootसिद्ध
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तपसाby austerity/penance
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
विप्रO brahmin
विप्र:
TypeNoun
Rootविप्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
शकुन्तकाःbirds
शकुन्तकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशकुन्तक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षिप्रम्quickly
क्षिप्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्षिप्र
शिरसिon (your) head
शिरसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अपजायन्तwere born/appeared (upon)
अपजायन्त:
TypeVerb
Rootअप-√जन्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सम्भाविताःhonoured/respected
सम्भाविताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्भावित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (क्त)
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormInstrumental, Singular

तुलाधार उवाच

T
Tulādhāra
V
vipra (brāhmaṇa ascetic)
Ś
śakuntakāḥ (birds)
Ś
śiras (head)

Educational Q&A

Tulādhāra cautions that signs produced by austerity (tapas) can lead to pride and self-congratulation; genuine dharma is measured by inner virtue—humility, restraint, and right conduct—rather than by extraordinary phenomena.

Tulādhāra addresses a brāhmaṇa ascetic whose tapas has become ‘successful’; birds appear on his head, and he interprets this as proof of his greatness. Tulādhāra uses the incident to challenge that assumption and redirect him toward a deeper understanding of dharma.