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Shloka 17

कपिलगोसंवादे गृहस्थ-त्यागधर्मयोः प्रमाण्यविचारः

Kapila–Cow Dialogue: Authority of Householder and Renunciant Dharmas

ततः कदाचित्‌ स मुनिर्वर्षास्वाकाशमास्थित: । अन्तरिक्षाज्जलं मूर्ध्ना प्रत्यगृह्नान्मुहुर्मुहु:,तदनन्तर किसी समय वर्षा-ऋतु आनेपर वे मुनि खुले आकाशके नीचे खड़े हो गये और आकाशसे जो जलकी मूसलाधार वृष्टि होती थी, उसके आघातको बारंबार अपने मस्तकपर ही सहने लगे

tataḥ kadācit sa munir varṣāsv ākāśam āsthitaḥ | antarīkṣāj jalaṁ mūrdhnā pratyagṛhṇān muhur muhuḥ ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—ครั้นกาลหนึ่งเมื่อฤดูฝนมาถึง ดาบสนั้นยืนอยู่ใต้ฟ้าโล่ง แล้วครั้งแล้วครั้งเล่าเขารับแรงกระหน่ำของสายน้ำที่ตกจากเวหาด้วยศีรษะของตนเอง อดทนต่อการกระแทกของห่าฝนเป็นตบะโดยเจตนา

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
कदाचित्at some time, once
कदाचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकदाचित्
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुनिःsage
मुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्षासुin the rainy season(s)
वर्षासु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्षा
FormFeminine, Locative, Plural
आकाशम्the sky, open space
आकाशम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआकाश
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आस्थितःhaving stood/being stationed
आस्थितः:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्तरिक्षात्from the mid-air
अन्तरिक्षात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तरिक्ष
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
जलम्water
जलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मूर्ध्नाwith (his) head
मूर्ध्ना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमूर्धन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
प्रत्यगृह्णात्he received/accepted (upon himself)
प्रत्यगृह्णात्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-ग्रह्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मुहुःagain and again
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः
मुहुःrepeatedly
मुहुः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमुहुः

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
M
muni (a sage/ascetic)
Ā
ākāśa (sky)
A
antarīkṣa (atmosphere/heavens)
V
varṣā-ṛtu (rainy season)
J
jala (rainwater)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights tapas—voluntary endurance of hardship—as a means of cultivating self-mastery and forbearance. By consciously accepting discomfort (the repeated impact of heavy rain), the ascetic trains steadiness of mind and commitment to dharma.

A sage, during the rainy season, stands under the open sky and repeatedly lets the rain strike his head, deliberately receiving the downpour as part of his ascetic observance.