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Shloka 38

अहिंसा-प्रधान धर्मविचारः

Ahiṃsā as the Superior Dharma: Practical and Scriptural Reasoning

मृत्योर्ये ते व्याधय श्चाश्रुपाता मनुष्याणां रुज्यते यैः शरीरम्‌ | सर्वेषां वै प्राणिनां प्राणनान्ते तस्माच्छोक॑ मा कृथा बुद्धय बुद्धया,पहले मृत्युके जो अश्रुबिन्दु गिरे थे, वे ही ज्वर आदि रोग हो गये; जिनके द्वारा मनुष्योंका शरीर रुग्ण हो जाता है। वह मृत्यु सभी प्राणियोंकी आयु समाप्त होनेपर उनके पास आती है। अतः राजन! तुम अपने पुत्रके लिये शोक न करो। इस विषयको बुद्धिके द्वारा समझो

mṛtyor ye te vyādhayaś cāśrupātā manuṣyāṇāṁ rujyate yaiḥ śarīram | sarveṣāṁ vai prāṇināṁ prāṇanānte tasmāc chokaṁ mā kṛthā budhya budhyā ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “หยาดน้ำตาที่หลั่งลงเป็นครั้งแรกเมื่อความตายมาเยือนนั้นเอง ได้กลายเป็นโรคภัย—ไข้และอื่น ๆ—ซึ่งทำให้กายมนุษย์ระทมทุกข์ ความตายย่อมเข้าถึงสัตว์ทั้งปวงเมื่อปราณอายุที่กำหนดไว้สิ้นสุดลง เพราะฉะนั้น ข้าแต่พระราชา อย่าโศกเศร้าเพราะโอรสของพระองค์ จงเข้าใจเรื่องนี้ด้วยปัญญาอันกระจ่างเถิด”

मृत्योःof death
मृत्योः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
येwhich/that (those)
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthose
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
व्याधयःdiseases
व्याधयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्याधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अश्रु-पाताःfalls of tears, tear-drops
अश्रु-पाताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्रु-पात
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मनुष्याणाम्of men/humans
मनुष्याणाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमनुष्य
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
रुज्यतेis afflicted / becomes diseased
रुज्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootरुज्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive
यैःby which
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
शरीरम्the body
शरीरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशरीर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सर्वेषाम्of all
सर्वेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
प्राणिनाम्of living beings
प्राणिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्राणन-अन्तेat the end of life/breath
प्राणन-अन्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणन-अन्त
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore
तस्मात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतस्मात् (तद्)
शोकम्grief
शोकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशोक
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
कृथाःdo/make
कृथाः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormLot, Parasmaipada, Second, Singular
बुद्ध्याwith understanding
बुद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
बुद्ध्याby (your) intellect
बुद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular

पितामह उवाच

B
Bhishma (Pitamaha)
D
Death (Mṛtyu)
T
the king (rājan, addressed)
T
the son (putra, implied in address)

Educational Q&A

Grief should be restrained through discernment: death is inevitable and comes to all beings only when their allotted lifespan ends; understanding this reduces attachment-driven sorrow.

Bhīṣma instructs and consoles a grieving king, explaining the universality of death and the origin of bodily afflictions, urging him not to mourn his son but to reflect wisely.