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Shloka 25

कामद्रुम-रूपकः तथा शरीर-पुर-रूपकः

The Desire-Tree and the Body-as-City Metaphors

तथा मोह: प्रमादश्न निद्रा तन्द्रा प्रबोधिता । कथंचिदभिवर्तन्ते विज्ञेयास्तामसा गुणा:,इसी प्रकार मोह, प्रमाद, निद्रा, तन्द्रा और अज्ञान जिस किसी कारणसे हो जाये, उन्हे तमोगुणका कार्य जानना चाहिये

tathā mohaḥ pramādaś ca nidrā tandrā prabodhitā | kathaṃcid abhivartante vijñeyās tāmasā guṇāḥ ||

ฉันนั้นแล ความหลง ความประมาท การหลับ ความง่วง และความมึนทึบที่กลับถูกเข้าใจว่าเป็น ‘ความตื่น’—เมื่อเกิดขึ้นด้วยเหตุใดก็ตาม พึงรู้ว่าเป็นคุณแห่ง ‘ตมัส’

तथाthus; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
मोहःdelusion
मोहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमोह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रमादःheedlessness; negligence
प्रमादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निद्राsleep
निद्रा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिद्रा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
तन्द्राdrowsiness; lethargy
तन्द्रा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतन्द्रा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रबोधिताawakening; arousal (state/condition)
प्रबोधिता:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रबोधिता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कथंचित्somehow; in some way
कथंचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथंचित्
अभिवर्तन्तेarise; occur; come about
अभिवर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि√वृत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Atmanepada
विज्ञेयाःto be known; should be understood
विज्ञेयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि√ज्ञा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तामसाःtamasic; pertaining to darkness/inertia
तामसाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootतामस
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
गुणाःqualities; constituents
गुणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगुण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa

Educational Q&A

States like delusion, negligence, sleepiness, and mental dullness—however they arise—should be identified as tamasic influences, because they obscure discrimination and undermine ethical, purposeful action.

In the didactic discourse of the Śānti Parva, Vyāsa is classifying mental states according to the guṇas, instructing the listener to recognize tamas by its symptoms of confusion and inertia.