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Shloka 20

Adhyātma-krama: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman Hierarchy and Citta-Prasāda (आध्यात्मक्रमः)

यच्चेदं प्रभव: स्थान भूतानां संयमो यम: । स्वभावेनैव वर्तन्ते द्वन्द्रसृष्टानि भूरिश:,यह जो काल नामक तत्त्व है, वही प्राणियोंकी उत्पत्ति, पालन, संहार और नियन्त्रण करनेवाला है। उसीमें द्वन्धयुक्त असंख्य प्राणी स्वभावसे ही निवास करते हैं

yaccedaṃ prabhavaḥ sthānaṃ bhūtānāṃ saṃyamo yamaḥ | svabhāvenaiva vartante dvandrasṛṣṭāni bhūriśaḥ ||

วยาสะกล่าวว่า “ตถตะที่เรียกว่า ‘กาล’ นั่นเองเป็นทั้งแหล่งกำเนิดและที่ตั้งมั่นของสรรพสัตว์ อีกทั้งเป็นเครื่องยับยั้งและการปกครอง (ยามะ) ของเขาด้วย ภายในกาลนั้น สัตว์นับไม่ถ้วนซึ่งเกิดขึ้นท่ามกลางคู่ตรงข้าม ย่อมดำเนินไปตามสภาวะโดยกำเนิดของตน”

यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रभवःorigin, source
प्रभवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रभव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्थानम्abode, station
स्थानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootस्थान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
भूतानाम्of beings/creatures
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
संयमःrestraint, control
संयमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंयम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यमःYama; the restrainer
यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वभावेनby (their) own nature
स्वभावेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वभाव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वर्तन्तेthey exist/behave, they go on
वर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Indicative, Atmanepada, Third, Plural
द्वन्द्व-सृष्टानिcreated with pairs of opposites
द्वन्द्व-सृष्टानि:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootद्वन्द्वसृष्ट
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
भूरिशःin great number, abundantly
भूरिशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभूरिशस्

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
K
Kāla (Time)

Educational Q&A

Time (Kāla) is presented as the overarching principle that brings beings forth, provides their ground of existence, and regulates them; within this framework, creatures act according to their inherent nature (svabhāva) amid the play of opposites (dvandva).

In the didactic discourse of the Śānti Parva, Vyāsa explains a metaphysical view: the world of living beings is governed by Time, and the diversity of conduct and experience arises naturally from svabhāva under the conditions of dualities.