Shloka 19
Adhyātma-krama: Indriya–Manas–Buddhi–Ātman Hierarchy and Citta-Prasāda (आध्यात्मक्रमः)
Devanagari script
निश्चितं कालनानात्वमनादिनिधनं च यत् । कीर्तितं यत् पुरस्तान्मे सूते यच्चात्ति च प्रजा:
Translation
เป็นที่แน่นอนว่า “กาล” มีรูปภาวะนานาประการ ทั้งไร้จุดเริ่มและไร้ที่สุด กาลนั้นเองให้กำเนิดหมู่ประชา และในบั้นปลายกาลนั้นเองก็กลืนกินสรรพชีวิตทั้งปวง—ข้อนี้เราได้กล่าวแก่เจ้ามาแล้วก่อนหน้านี้
Word by Word
निश्चितम्certain, fixed
निश्चितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिश्चित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कालनानात्वम्the manifoldness/variety of Time
कालनानात्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकालनानात्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनादिनिधनम्beginningless and endless
अनादिनिधनम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनादिनिधन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
यत्which/that
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कीर्तितम्has been declared/mentioned
कीर्तितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootकीर्तित
FormPerfect passive participle (past), Singular
यत्which/that
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पुरस्तात्formerly, earlier
पुरस्तात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरस्तात्
मेto me / of me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative/Genitive, Singular
सूतेO Sūta (charioteer/bard)
सूते:
TypeNoun
Rootसूता
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यत्which/that
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अत्तिdevours, eats up
अत्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअद्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
प्रजाःcreatures, subjects
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
Speaker
व्यास उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes