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Shloka 15

Jñāna-yoga and Karma-phala: Manu–Bṛhaspati on Akṣara and the Limits of Mantra

स्वदेशे परदेशे वा अतिथिं नोपवासयेत्‌ । काम्यकर्मफलं लब्ध्वा गुरूणामुपपादयेत्‌

Bhīṣma uvāca: svadeśe paradeśe vā atithiṃ nopavāsayet | kāmyakarmaphalaṃ labdhvā gurūṇām upapādayet ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—อยู่ในแผ่นดินตนหรือแดนไกล ก็อย่าปล่อยให้แขกผู้มาถึงเรือนต้องหิวโหย และสิ่งใดที่ได้มาเป็นผลแห่งการกระทำหน้าที่อันมีความปรารถนาแฝงอยู่ พึงน้อมถวายด้วยความเคารพแก่ครูบาอาจารย์และผู้ใหญ่

स्वदेशेin one’s own country
स्वदेशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वदेश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
परदेशेin a foreign country
परदेशे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपरदेश
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अतिथिम्a guest
अतिथिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपवासयेत्should cause to fast / should keep (him) without food
उपवासयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-वास्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
काम्यकर्मफलम्the fruit of desire-motivated acts
काम्यकर्मफलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाम्यकर्मफल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
लब्ध्वाhaving obtained
लब्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
गुरूणाम्of/for the elders (teachers)
गुरूणाम्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
उपपादयेत्should present/offer (it)
उपपादयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-पा-द् (उपपादयति)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
A
atithi (guest)
G
guru (elders/teachers)

Educational Q&A

Two duties are emphasized: (1) atithi-dharma—never let a guest go unfed, regardless of place; and (2) guru-sevā—dedicate the gains from one’s result-seeking actions to one’s elders/teachers as an act of reverence and right conduct.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous living, Bhishma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on household ethics, highlighting hospitality to guests and respectful offering to gurus as practical expressions of dharma.