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Shloka 21

Śaraṇāgatapālana—Prastāvanā

Protection of the Refuge-Seeker: Opening of the Kapota Narrative

कोकिलस्य वराहस्य मेरो: शून्यस्य वेश्मन: । नटस्य भक्तिमित्रस्य यच्छेयस्तत्‌ समाचरेत्‌,“कोयल, सूअर, सुमेरु पर्वत, शून्यगृह, नट तथा अनुरक्त सुहृदू--इनमें जो श्रेष्ठ गुण या विशेषताएँ हैं, उन्हें राजा काममें लावे-

kokilasya varāhasya meroḥ śūnyasya veśmanaḥ | naṭasya bhaktimitrasya yac chreyas tat samācaret ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า—จากนกกาเหว่า หมูป่า เขาพระสุเมรุ เรือนว่าง นักแสดง และมิตรผู้ภักดี—คุณความดีอันประเสริฐที่แต่ละสิ่งมีอยู่ ประการใด พระราชาพึงรับไว้และนำไปปฏิบัติให้เกิดศฺเรยัส (ความเกื้อกูลสูงสุด) เถิด

कोकिलस्यof the cuckoo
कोकिलस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकोकिल
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वराहस्यof the boar
वराहस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवराह
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
मेरोःof Meru (mountain)
मेरोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमेरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शून्यस्यof an empty (one)
शून्यस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootशून्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
वेश्मनःof a house/dwelling
वेश्मनः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवेश्मन्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
नटस्यof an actor/dancer
नटस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनट
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भक्तिमित्रस्यof a devoted friend
भक्तिमित्रस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभक्तिमित्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
यत्whatever (that which)
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
श्रेयःthe better/good (benefit)
श्रेयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेयस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समाचरेत्should practice/should follow
समाचरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + चर्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
kokila (cuckoo)
V
varāha (boar)
M
Meru (Mount Meru)
Ś
śūnya-veśman (empty house)
N
naṭa (actor)
B
bhaktimitra (devoted friend)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should be discerning and adopt whatever is truly beneficial (śreyas) from diverse examples—taking virtues wherever they are found and applying them in governance.

In the Śānti Parva discourse on rājadharma, Bhīṣma instructs the king by listing varied models (bird, animal, cosmic mountain, an empty house, an actor, and a loyal friend) and advising him to emulate the best quality each represents.