Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 35

Daṇḍa-svarūpa-nirūpaṇa

The Nature, Forms, and Function of Daṇḍa

यद्धि गुप्तावशिष्टं स्यात्‌ तद्वित्तं धर्मकामयो: । संचयाजन्न विसर्गी स्याद्‌ राजा शास्त्रविदात्मवान्‌

yaddhi guptāvaśiṣṭaṃ syāt tad vittaṃ dharmakāmayoḥ | saṃcayāj jan na visargī syād rājā śāstravid ātmavān ||

ภีษมะกล่าวว่า “ทรัพย์ที่เหลือหลังจัดการเรื่องการคุ้มครองและความมั่นคงแล้วเท่านั้น พึงนำไปใช้เพื่อธรรมะและความรื่นรมย์อันชอบธรรม พระราชาผู้รู้คัมภีร์และสำรวมตนไม่พึงเป็นเพียงผู้สั่งสมจนตระหนี่ ไม่ยอมจ่าย; เมื่อถึงคราวที่ควรใช้ ก็พึงจ่ายทรัพยากรให้สมควร”

यत्that which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
गुप्त-अवशिष्टम्left over after being guarded/protected
गुप्त-अवशिष्टम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअवशिष्ट
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be/may be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वित्तम्wealth/treasure
वित्तम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवित्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धर्म-कामयोःof dharma and enjoyment (kāma)
धर्म-कामयोः:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म; काम
FormMasculine, Genitive, Dual
संचयात्from the hoard/accumulation
संचयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसंचय
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विसर्गीone who gives away/spends
विसर्गी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविसर्गिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be/would be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शास्त्र-विद्knower of the treatises/law
शास्त्र-विद्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविद् (धातु: विद्-ज्ञाने)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आत्मवान्self-controlled/wise
आत्मवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआत्मवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
W
wealth/treasury (vitta)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should first ensure security and protection; the surplus wealth should then be used for dharma (public good, righteous duties) and for legitimate prosperity/enjoyment. Hoarding without timely, proper disbursement is presented as a failure of wise kingship.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma continues advising Yudhishthira on statecraft: how a king should manage the treasury—prioritizing protection, then using remaining resources for righteous purposes rather than becoming merely an accumulator.