Shloka 47

Vyāghra–Gomāyu Saṃvāda (व्याघ्रगोमायु संवाद) — Testing Character Beneath Appearances

Devanagari script

समयोथ<यं कृतस्तेन साचिव्यमुपगच्छता । नोपघातत्त्वया कार्यो राजन्‌ मैत्रीमिहेच्छता

Transliteration

samayo 'tha ayaṁ kṛtas tena sācivyam upagacchatā | nopaghātas tvayā kāryo rājan maitrīm ihecchatā ||

Translation

เมื่อเขาเข้ามาใกล้เพื่อรับราชการเป็นอำมาตย์ เขาได้ทำข้อตกลงนี้ไว้แล้ว เพราะฉะนั้น ข้าแต่พระราชา หากพระองค์ปรารถนามิตรไมตรีในที่นี้ ก็อย่าทรงกระทำการใดอันเป็นการทำร้ายเขา

Word by Word

• समयः: agreement, compact
• समयः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: समय
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अयम्: this
• अयम्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृतः: made, concluded
• कृतः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)

• तेन: by him/thereby
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• साचिव्यम्: friendship; alliance; companionship
• साचिव्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: साचिव्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• उपगच्छता: by (one) approaching/entering into
• उपगच्छता: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: उपगम् (उप + गम्)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न

• उपघातः: harm, injury
• उपघातः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: उपघात
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• त्वया: by you
• त्वया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Masculine/Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• कार्यः: to be done; should be done
• कार्यः: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Gerundive (तव्यत्/यत् sense: to be done)

• राजन्: O king
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• मैत्रीम्: friendship
• मैत्रीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मैत्री
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• इह: here; in this matter
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• इच्छता: by (one) desiring
• इच्छता: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: इष् (इच्छ्)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular, Present active participle (शतृ)

Speaker

शार्टूल उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Śārṭūla
• rājan (the king addressed)
• a prospective/serving minister (implicit: the one who approached for sācivya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

A king who seeks friendship must honor prior agreements and avoid harming the person who entered service under that compact; political relationships are to be governed by fidelity to samaya (pledged terms) and non-injury.

What is happening in the narrative?

Śārṭūla reminds the king that when the other party came to take up ministerial service, a clear understanding was established; therefore the king should not undermine or injure him if he truly intends to maintain amity.