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Shloka 14

जनकस्य युद्धोपदेशः — Janaka’s Instruction on Steadfast Battle-Conduct

राजन्‌! जो जीवनसे निराश होकर पुनः युद्धके लिये लौट पड़ते हैं, उनका वेग अत्यन्त दुःसह होता है; अतः भागते हुओंके पीछे अधिक नहीं पड़ना चाहिये ।। न हि प्रहर्तुमिच्छन्ति शूरा: प्रद्रवतो भूशम्‌ । तस्मात्‌ पलायमानानां कुर्यान्नात्यनुसारणम्‌,शूरवीर जोर-जोरसे भागते हुए योद्धाओंपर प्रहार करना नहीं चाहते हैं; अतः पलायन करनेवाले सैनिकोंका अधिक दूरतक पीछा नहीं करना चाहिये

rājan! yo jīvanase nirāśa hokara punaḥ yuddhāya nivartante, teṣāṃ vegaḥ atyanta duḥsahaḥ; ataḥ palāyamānānāṃ paścāt nātyanusarīyam. na hi prahartum icchanti śūrāḥ pradravato bhūśam. tasmāt palāyamānānāṃ kuryān nātyanusarāṇam.

ข้าแต่พระราชา ผู้ที่สิ้นอาลัยต่อชีวิตแล้วหวนกลับมารบ ย่อมมีแรงพุ่งที่ยากจะต้านทาน ฉะนั้นอย่าไล่ตามผู้ที่กำลังหนีให้ไกลเกินควร เพราะผู้กล้าจริงย่อมไม่ปรารถนาจะฟันผู้ที่วิ่งหนีด้วยความตระหนก ดังนั้นอย่าตามไล่ผู้หลบหนีให้เกินประมาณ

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
hiindeed/for
hi:
TypeIndeclinable
Roothi
prahartumto strike/attack
prahartum:
TypeVerb
Rootpra-√hṛ (harati)
Formtumun (infinitive), parasmaipada (by derivation)
icchantiwish/desire
icchanti:
TypeVerb
Root√iṣ (icchati)
Formpresent, indicative, parasmaipada, 3, plural
śūrāḥheroes/brave men
śūrāḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootśūra
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
pradravataḥof one who is fleeing
pradravataḥ:
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-√dru (dravati) → pradravat (present participle)
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular, used as genitive of the person fleeing
bhūśamexcessively/very much
bhūśam:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootbhūśam
tasmāttherefore
tasmāt:
TypeIndeclinable
Roottad
Formablative, singular, masculine/neuter, used adverbially: 'therefore/from that reason'
palāyamānānāmof those who are fleeing
palāyamānānām:
TypeAdjective
Rootpalāya-√mā (māti) → palāyamāna (present participle)
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
kuryātshould do/should make
kuryāt:
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ (karoti)
Formpresent, optative, parasmaipada, 3, singular
nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
ati-anusāraṇamexcessive pursuit/following too far
ati-anusāraṇam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootati + anusāraṇa
Formneuter, accusative, singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
King (rājan)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches restraint and honor in warfare: do not strike or relentlessly chase those who are fleeing, because true valor avoids attacking the defenseless, and because desperate fighters who turn back can become dangerously unstoppable.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction to the king, Bhīṣma lays down a practical and ethical rule of combat conduct—warning that excessive pursuit of retreating troops is both dishonorable and strategically risky.