Shloka 12
रणभूमिवर्णनम् — Devāsuropama-yuddha and the ‘River’ Metaphor of the Battlefield
Devanagari script
तद् बल॑ भरतश्रेष्ठ क्षुब्धार्णवसमस्वनम्
Transliteration
tad bala bharataśreṣṭha kṣubdhārṇavasamasvanam
Translation
สัญชัยกล่าวว่า “ข้าแต่ผู้ประเสริฐแห่งวงศ์ภารตะ กองกำลังอันยิ่งใหญ่นั้นเปล่งเสียงคำรามดุจมหาสมุทรที่ปั่นป่วนด้วยพายุ”
Word by Word
तत्that (it)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
बलम्army/force
बलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भरतश्रेष्ठO best of the Bharatas
भरतश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun (vocative address)
Rootभरत-श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
क्षुब्धagitated, churned
क्षुब्ध:
TypeAdjective (past passive participle)
Rootक्षुभ्
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative (in compound stem agreement), Singular
अर्णवocean
अर्णव:
TypeNoun
Rootअर्णव
FormMasculine, Nominative/Accusative (in compound stem), Singular
समequal to, like
सम:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम
FormMasculine/Neuter (in compound stem), Nominative/Accusative (in compound stem), Singular
स्वनम्sound, roar
स्वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaD
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by the vocative bharataśreṣṭha)B
bala (the army/host)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse underscores how war magnifies collective force into an overwhelming, ocean-like tumult—an image that implicitly cautions against the destructive momentum of conflict once armies are set in motion.
Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the assembled force (army) is producing a tremendous roar, likened to the sound of a violently churned ocean, heightening the sense of imminent battle.