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Shloka 38

अध्याय ३: कृपस्य दुर्योधनं प्रति नीत्युपदेशः

Kṛpa’s Counsel to Duryodhana

पारावतसवर्णाश्वं कोविदारवरध्वजम्‌ । धृष्टद्युम्नं रणे दृष्टवा त्वदीया: प्राद्रवन्‌ू भयात्‌,जिनके रथमें कबूतरके समान रंगवाले घोड़े जुते हुए थे तथा रथकी श्रेष्ठ ध्वजापर कचनारवृक्षका चिह्न बना हुआ था, उन धृष्टद्युम्नको रणभूमिमें उपस्थित देख आपके सैनिक भयसे भाग खड़े हुए

pārāvata-savarṇāśvaṁ kovidāra-vara-dhvajam | dhṛṣṭadyumnam raṇe dṛṣṭvā tvadīyāḥ prādravan bhayāt ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า—เมื่อเห็นธฤษฏทยุมน์ในสมรภูมิ ผู้มีรถศึกเทียมม้าสีดุจนกพิราบ และมีธงชัยอันประเสริฐประดับตราต้นโควิดาระ (กัชนาระ) เหล่านักรบของท่านก็พากันหนีด้วยความหวาดกลัว

पारावतसवर्णाश्वम्him whose horses are dove-colored
पारावतसवर्णाश्वम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपारावत-स-वर्ण-अश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कोविदारवरध्वजम्him whose excellent banner bears the kovidāra emblem
कोविदारवरध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकोविदार-वर-ध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नम्Dhṛṣṭadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रणेin battle
रणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
त्वदीयाःyour (men/soldiers)
त्वदीयाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्वदीय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
प्राद्रवन्ran away / fled
प्राद्रवन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + द्रु
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
भयात्from fear
भयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
K
Kovidāra (kachanāra) tree emblem
C
Chariot banner (dhvaja)
D
Dove-colored horses
K
Kaurava soldiers (tvadīyāḥ)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical and psychological reality of war: courage is fragile, and the presence of a renowned commander with recognizable insignia can shatter an army’s resolve. It implicitly contrasts the ideal of kṣatriya steadfastness with the human tendency to succumb to fear.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressing the Kaurava side as 'your men') that when Dhṛṣṭadyumna appeared in battle with his distinctive dove-colored horses and kovidāra-emblem banner, the Kaurava troops panicked and fled.