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Shloka 43

धृतराष्ट्रविलापः — Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s Lament and Inquiry (Śalya-parva, Adhyāya 2)

यत्र शूरा महेष्वासा: कृतास्त्रा युद्धदुर्मदा:,निहता: समरे सर्वे किमन्यद्‌ भागधेयत: । सूत संजय! जहाँ समरभूमिमें नाना देशोंसे आये हुए देवराज इन्द्रके समान पराक्रमी बहुत-से शूरवीर महाथनुर्धर, अस्त्रवेत्ता एवं युद्धदुर्मद क्षत्रिय सारे-के-सारे मार डाले गये, वहाँ भाग्यके अतिरिक्त दूसरा क्या कारण हो सकता है?

yatra śūrā maheṣvāsāḥ kṛtāstrā yuddha-durmadāḥ, nihatāḥ samare sarve kim anyad bhāgadhayataḥ.

โอ้สารถีสัญชัย! ณ สมรภูมิที่วีรชนทั้งปวง—มหาธนูธร ผู้ชำนาญศัสตราวุธ และเมามัวด้วยทิฐิแห่งศึก—ถูกสังหารสิ้นแล้ว ที่นั่นจะมีเหตุอื่นใดนอกจากชะตากรรมเล่า?

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
शूराःheroes, brave men
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
महेष्वासाःgreat bowmen
महेष्वासाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहेष्वास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कृतास्त्राःtrained/versed in weapons
कृतास्त्राः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकृतास्त्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युद्धदुर्मदाःmade arrogant by battle
युद्धदुर्मदाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुद्धदुर्मद
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निहताःslain
निहताः:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootनि-हन्
FormPast (PPP), Plural
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अन्यत्other
अन्यत्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
भागधेयतःthan fate/fortune
भागधेयतः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभागधेय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular

धघतयाट्र उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
S
Sañjaya
B
battlefield (samara)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames catastrophic loss in war as governed by bhāgadhaya (destiny/one’s allotted portion), highlighting a common Mahābhārata tension between human effort (vīrya, śaurya) and the overpowering force of fate—often voiced in moments of grief and moral bewilderment.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, hearing Sañjaya’s report of the slaughter of many formidable warriors, reacts with stunned fatalism: if even such expert, proud fighters have all fallen, he concludes that no explanation seems adequate except destiny.