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Shloka 25

Śalya-hatānantarāṇi: Madrarāja-padānugānāṃ praskandana and the Pandava counter-encirclement (शल्यहतानन्तराणि—मद्रराजपदानुगानां प्रस्कन्दनम्)

मद्राधिपश्चापि युधिष्ठिरस्य शरैश्नतुर्भि्निजघान वाहान्‌ | वाहांश्व हत्वा व्यकरोन्महात्मा योधक्षयं धर्मसुतस्य राज्ञ:,तत्पश्चात्‌ मद्रराजने चार बाणोंसे युधिष्ठिरके चारों घोड़ोंका भी संहार कर डाला। घोड़ोंको मारकर महामनस्वी शल्यने धर्मपुत्र राजा युधिष्ठिरके योद्धाओंका विनाश आरम्भ कर दिया

madrādhipaś cāpi yudhiṣṭhirasya śaraiś caturbhir nijaghāna vāhān | vāhāṃś ca hatvā vyakarot mahātmā yodha-kṣayaṃ dharmasutasya rājñaḥ ||

ครั้นแล้วเจ้าแห่งมทระคือศัลยะ ยิงศรสี่ดอกสังหารม้าทั้งสี่ของยุธิษฐิระ เมื่อฆ่าม้าแล้ว มหาตมะผู้นั้นก็เริ่มกวาดล้างเหล่านักรบของพระราชายุธิษฐิระ ผู้เป็นโอรสแห่งธรรมะ

मद्राधिपःthe lord of Madra (Shalya)
मद्राधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्राधिप (मद्र + अधिप)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
युधिष्ठिरस्यof Yudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरस्य:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
चतुर्भिःwith four
चतुर्भिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootचतुर्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
निजघानstruck down / killed
निजघान:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular
वाहान्horses (mounts)
वाहान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वाहान्the horses
वाहान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हत्वाhaving slain
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (sense)
व्यकरोत्he made / caused / carried out
व्यकरोत्:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (वि + कृ)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular
महात्माthe great-souled one
महात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहात्मन् (महत् + आत्मन्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योधक्षयम्destruction of warriors
योधक्षयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोधक्षय (योध + क्षय)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
धर्मसुतस्यof the son of Dharma (Yudhishthira)
धर्मसुतस्य:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मसुत (धर्म + सुत)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
राज्ञःof the king
राज्ञः:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śalya (Madrādhipa, Madra-rāja)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmasuta)
F
four horses/steeds of Yudhiṣṭhira’s chariot
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira’s warriors

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how warfare often escalates by attacking a leader’s supports (like chariot-horses) rather than only the leader, raising ethical tension: tactical necessity in battle can conflict with ideals of restraint and dharma, especially when it endangers many by disabling a king’s protection and mobility.

Śalya, king of Madra, shoots four arrows and kills Yudhiṣṭhira’s four chariot-horses. After disabling the chariot, he proceeds to begin slaughtering Yudhiṣṭhira’s warriors, intensifying the combat around the Pandava king.