Shloka 13

Devanagari script

गदां गुर्वी समुद्यम्य त्वरितश्न॒ वृकोदर: । स्वरथं योजयित्वा55शु निर्यात इति न: श्रुतम्‌

Transliteration

gadāṁ gurvīṁ samudyamya tvaritaś ca vṛkodaraḥ | sva-rathaṁ yojayitvāśu niryāta iti naḥ śrutam ||

Translation

เราได้ยินว่า วฤโกทร (ภีมะ) ยกกระบองหนักขึ้น แล้วรีบเทียมรถศึกของตน และออกเดินทางในทันที

Word by Word

• गदाम्: mace
• गदाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• गुर्वीम्: heavy
• गुर्वीम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गुर्वी (गुरु)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• समुद्यम्य: having lifted up
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-उद्-यम् (यम्)
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), having lifted/raised

• त्वरितः: hastened, in haste
• त्वरितः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: त्वरित
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• वृकोदरः: Vṛkodara (Bhīma)
• वृकोदरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृकोदर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्वरथम्: his own chariot
• स्वरथम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्व-रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• योजयित्वा: having yoked (the horses), having harnessed
• Type: Verb
• Root: युज् (योजयति)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (causative usage), having yoked/harnessed

• आशु: quickly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आशु

• निर्यातः: gone out, departed
• निर्यातः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: निर्-या (या)
• Form: क्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• इति: thus (quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• नः: of us / to us (contextually: by us)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: First, Genitive, Plural

• श्रुतम्: heard
• Type: Verb
• Root: श्रु
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Duryodhana
• Vṛkodara (Bhīma)
• gadā (mace)
• ratha (chariot)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores how adharma-driven actions generate fear and retaliation: Duryodhana’s camp measures consequences through reports of the Pāṇḍavas’ readiness, showing that injustice tends to escalate conflict and invite formidable opposition.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana reports what he has heard: Bhīma (Vṛkodara) has quickly harnessed his chariot and departed, raising his heavy mace—an ominous sign of imminent action and rising tension.