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Shloka 7

अध्याय ६६: पुनर्द्यूत-प्रस्तावः

Proposal for a Renewed Dice Game

समुच्चरन्त्यतिवादाश्न वक्‍त्राद्‌ यैराहत: शोचति रात्र्यहानि । परस्य नामर्मसु ते पतन्ति तान्‌ पण्डितो नावसूजेत्‌ परेषु,मुँहसे जो कटु वचनरूपी बाण निकलते हैं, उनसे आहत हुआ मनुष्य रात-दिन शोक और चिन्तामें डूबा रहता है। वे दूसरेके मर्मपर ही आघात करते हैं; अतः विद्वान्‌ पुरुषको दूसरोंके प्रति निष्ठुर वचनोंका प्रयोग नहीं करना चाहिये

samuccaranty ativādāś ca vaktrād yair āhataḥ śocati rātryahāni | parasya nāmarmasu te patanti tān paṇḍito nāvasūjet pareṣu ||

ถ้อยคำหยาบกร้าวและเกินควรที่พุ่งออกจากปาก ย่อมประดุจศรที่ทิ่มแทงผู้อื่น ผู้ถูกทำร้ายย่อมเศร้าโศกทั้งกลางวันและกลางคืน ถ้อยคำนั้นตกลงบนจุดอ่อนของผู้อื่นโดยตรง เพราะฉะนั้นผู้มีปัญญาไม่ควรใช้วาจาโหดร้ายต่อผู้ใดเลย

समुच्चरन्तिthey utter / they speak out
समुच्चरन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम्+उद्+चर्
FormLat (present indicative), 3, plural, Parasmaipada
अतिवादाःharsh/overbearing words (abusive speeches)
अतिवादाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअतिवाद
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
वक्त्रात्from the mouth
वक्त्रात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवक्त्र
Formneuter, ablative, singular
यैःby which
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, plural
आहतःstruck, wounded
आहतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआ+हन्
Formkta (past passive participle), masculine, nominative, singular
शोचतिgrieves
शोचति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormLat (present indicative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
रात्रिnight
रात्रि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरात्रि
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
अहानिdays
अहानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअहन्
Formneuter, accusative, plural
परस्यof another (person)
परस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
नामindeed / as it were (emphatic particle)
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
मर्मसुin the vital spots / sensitive points
मर्मसु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमर्मन्
Formneuter, locative, plural
तेthey (those words)
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
पतन्तिfall (upon), strike
पतन्ति:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootपत्
FormLat (present indicative), 3, plural, Parasmaipada
तान्those (words/people)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, plural
पण्डितःa wise man
पण्डितः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपण्डित
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवसूयेत्should not revile / should not speak spitefully
अवसूयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअव+सूय्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
परेषुtowards others / among others
परेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपर
Formmasculine, locative, plural

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura

Educational Q&A

Speech can wound like a weapon; because harsh words strike others at their most sensitive points and cause lasting grief, the wise practice restraint and avoid cruel or contemptuous language.

In the Sabha Parva’s counsel-context, Vidura is instructing on righteous conduct (nīti), emphasizing ethical speech and the social harm caused by abusive or excessive verbal attacks.