Shloka 41

Adhyāya 52 (Sabhā-parva): Vidura Invites Yudhiṣṭhira to Hastināpura for the Dice Match

Devanagari script

शत्रूणां पश्यतो दु:खान्मुमूर्षा मे व्यजायत । भृत्यास्तु ये पाण्डवानां तांस्ते वक्ष्यामि पार्थिव

Transliteration

śatrūṇāṃ paśyato duḥkhān mumūrṣā me vyajāyata | bhṛtyās tu ye pāṇḍavānāṃ tāṃs te vakṣyāmi pārthiva ||

Translation

ทุรโยธนะกล่าวว่า “เมื่อข้าพเจ้าเฝ้ามองความทุกข์ของศัตรูทั้งหลาย ความปรารถนาจะตายก็เกิดขึ้นในใจข้าพเจ้า โอ้พระราชา บัดนี้ข้าพเจ้าจะกล่าวถึงเหล่าข้ารับใช้ผู้สังกัดปาณฑพให้ท่านฟัง”

Word by Word

शत्रूणाम्of the enemies

पश्यतःwhile (they) were seeing / in the presence of (those) seeing

दुःखात्from sorrow

मुमूर्षाdesire to die

मेto me / my

व्यजायतarose / was born

भृत्याःservants

तुbut / however

येwho

पाण्डवानाम्of the Pāṇḍavas

तान्those (them)

तेto you

वक्ष्यामिI will tell

पार्थिवO king

Speaker

दुर्योधन उवाच

Characters & Entities

Duryodhana

Pāṇḍavas

the king addressed as Pārthiva

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how fixation on an enemy’s suffering can corrode one’s own mind: even perceived triumph can generate inner collapse (mumūrṣā). Ethically, it points to the self-destructive nature of envy and vindictiveness, where the observer becomes harmed by the very hatred he nurtures.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana, speaking to a kingly figure in the courtly setting of the Sabha narrative, confesses that seeing his rivals’ distress stirred a death-wish in him, and then transitions to a strategic report: he will enumerate the Pāṇḍavas’ supporters/retainers—information relevant to political maneuvering and future conflict.