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Shloka 45

Nāradasya Rājadharma-praśnāḥ

Nārada’s Examination of Royal Ethics

कच्चिन्नोग्रेण दण्डेन भृशमुद्धिजसे प्रजा: । राष्ट्र तवानुशासन्ति मन्त्रिणो भरतर्षभ,भरतश्रेष्ठ कठोर दण्डके द्वारा तुम प्रजाजनोंको अत्यन्त उद्धेगमें तो नहीं डाल देते? मन्त्रीलोग तुम्हारे राज्यका न्यायपूर्वक पालन करते हैं न?

kaccin nogreṇa daṇḍena bhṛśam uddvijase prajāḥ | rāṣṭraṃ tavānuśāsanti mantriṇo bharatarṣabha ||

นารทกล่าวว่า “โอ้ผู้ประเสริฐแห่งวงศ์ภารตะ พระองค์ทรงใช้ไม้ลงทัณฑ์อันเข้มงวดจนทำให้ราษฎรเดือดร้อนหวาดหวั่นยิ่งนักหรือไม่? และบรรดาเสนาบดีของพระองค์ปกครองแผ่นดินตามระเบียบวินัยและความยุติธรรมหรือไม่?”

कच्चित्whether (indeed)? / I hope
कच्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकच्चित्
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उग्रेणby harsh/terrible
उग्रेण:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootउग्र
Formmasculine/neuter, instrumental, singular
दण्डेनby punishment/rod (authority)
दण्डेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
भृशम्excessively, greatly
भृशम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootभृशम्
उद्विजसेyou distress/alarm
उद्विजसे:
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + विज्
Formpresent indicative, 2nd, singular, ātmanepada
प्रजाःthe subjects/people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
Formfeminine, accusative, plural
राष्ट्रम्the kingdom/state
राष्ट्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootराष्ट्र
Formneuter, accusative, singular
तवof you/your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
अनुशासन्तिthey govern/discipline
अनुशासन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + शास्
Formpresent indicative, 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
मन्त्रिणःministers/counsellors
मन्त्रिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्रिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootभरत-ऋषभ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
B
bharatarṣabha (addressed king of the Bharata line)
M
mantriṇaḥ (ministers)
R
rāṣṭra (kingdom)
P
prajāḥ (subjects)
D
daṇḍa (punitive authority)

Educational Q&A

Punishment (daṇḍa) must be measured and just: a ruler should not terrorize subjects through severity, and governance should be carried out through properly guided administration, ideally with ministers upholding fair discipline.

Nārada, in a sequence of probing questions on statecraft, asks the Bharata king whether he avoids oppressive punishment and whether his ministers are effectively and justly administering the kingdom—testing the ruler’s adherence to rajadharma.