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Shloka 18

Nāradasya Rājadharma-praśnāḥ

Nārada’s Examination of Royal Ethics

पाण्डवोंद्वारा देवर्षि नारदका पूजन कच्चिदाचरितं पूर्वर्नरदेव पितामहै: । वर्तसे वृत्तिमक्षुद्रां धर्मार्थसहितां त्रिषु,नरदेव! क्या तुम ब्राह्मण, वैश्य और शूद्र--इन तीनों वर्णोकी प्रजाओंके प्रति अपने पिता-पितामहोंद्वारा व्यवहारमें लायी हुई धर्मार्थयुक्त उत्तम एवं उदार वृत्तिका व्यवहार करते हो?

kaccid ācaritaṃ pūrvair naradeva pitāmahaiḥ | vartase vṛttim akṣudrāṃ dharmārthasahitāṃ triṣu, naradeva ||

นารทกล่าวว่า—“ข้าแต่นรเทวะ พระองค์ปฏิบัติต่อประชาชนในสามวรรณะ—พราหมณ์ ไวศยะ และศูทร—ด้วยแนวทางการปกครองอันสูงส่งและใจกว้าง ที่ตั้งอยู่บนทั้งธรรมและประโยชน์สุขของบ้านเมือง ดังที่บิดาและปิตามหะของพระองค์เคยประพฤติมาแต่ก่อนหรือไม่?”

कच्चित्whether?, I hope
कच्चित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकच्चित्
Formavyaya (interrogative particle)
आचरितम्practised, observed
आचरितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-चर्
Formpast passive participle; neuter nominative/accusative singular
पूर्वैःby the former (elders)
पूर्वैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्व
Formmasculine instrumental plural
नरदेवO king (god among men)
नरदेव:
TypeNoun
Rootनरदेव
Formmasculine vocative singular
पितामहैःby grandfathers/forefathers
पितामहैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
Formmasculine instrumental plural
वर्तसेdo you conduct yourself / do you follow
वर्तसे:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
Formpresent indicative (lat); 2nd person singular; parasmaipada (Ātmanepada usage: vartase)
वृत्तिम्conduct, mode of life, practice
वृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
Formfeminine accusative singular
अक्षुद्राम्not mean; noble
अक्षुद्राम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअक्षुद्र
Formfeminine accusative singular (agreeing with वृत्तिम्)
धर्मार्थसहिताम्accompanied by dharma and artha
धर्मार्थसहिताम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मार्थसहित
Formfeminine accusative singular (agreeing with वृत्तिम्)
त्रिषुamong the three
त्रिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
Formlocative plural (used substantively: 'in/among the three')
नरदेवO king
नरदेव:
TypeNoun
Rootनरदेव
Formmasculine vocative singular

नारद उवाच

N
Nārada
N
naradeva (the king addressed)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should uphold a magnanimous, non-petty standard of conduct that harmonizes dharma (righteousness) with artha (public welfare and prosperity), and apply it consistently in dealings with the social orders under his protection.

The sage Nārada addresses the king with a formal, probing question, checking whether the king’s administration follows the time-tested, dharma-guided practices of his forefathers—especially in how he treats and governs the three varṇas mentioned in the contextual gloss.