Shloka 21

Dyūta-kathā-praśnaḥ — Inquiry into the Dice-Game Calamity

Devanagari script

ततोअब्रवीन्महातेजा: सर्वान्‌ भ्रातृन्‌ युधिष्ठिर: । श्रुतं वै पुरुषव्याप्रा यन्मां द्वैधवायनो5ब्रवीत्‌

Transliteration

tato 'bravīn mahātejāḥ sarvān bhrātṝn yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | śrutaṃ vai puruṣavyāghrā yan māṃ dvaidhavāyano 'bravīt ||

Translation

ครั้นแล้วพระยุธิษฐิระผู้ทรงเดชได้ตรัสแก่พี่น้องทั้งปวงว่า “โอ้เหล่าวีรบุรุษดุจพยัคฆ์ เราได้สดับถ้อยคำที่ทไวธวายนกล่าวแก่เราแล้ว”

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः
• Form: Avyaya (ablatival adverb)

• अब्रवीत्: said, spoke
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Luṅ (Aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

• महातेजाः: the great-splendoured (one)
• महातेजाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महातेजस्
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: Masculine, accusative, plural

• भ्रातॄन्: brothers
• भ्रातॄन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, accusative, plural

• युधिष्ठिरः: Yudhiṣṭhira
• युधिष्ठिरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• श्रुतम्: heard (what was heard), the report
• श्रुतम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्रुत
• Form: Neuter, nominative, singular (past passive participle used substantively)

• वै: indeed
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: वै
• Form: Avyaya (particle)

• पुरुषव्याघ्राः: O tigers among men
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुषव्याघ्र
• Form: Masculine, vocative, plural

• यत्: what, that which
• यत्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, nominative/accusative, singular

• माम्: me
• माम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Accusative, singular

• द्वैधवायनः: Dvaidhavāyana (Vyāsa)
• द्वैधवायनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्वैधवायन
• Form: Masculine, nominative, singular

• अब्रवीत्: said, told
• Type: Verb
• Root: ब्रू
• Form: Luṅ (Aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Dvaidhavāyana (Vyāsa)
• the brothers of Yudhiṣṭhira (Pāṇḍavas, collectively)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights responsible action grounded in authoritative counsel: Yudhiṣṭhira frames his guidance to his brothers as based on what he has heard from Vyāsa, emphasizing humility before wisdom and the ethical importance of acting with informed discernment rather than impulse.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśampāyana narrates that Yudhiṣṭhira, described as mighty, addresses all his brothers and announces that he has heard Vyāsa’s message to him—preparing the group for a decision or course of action shaped by that instruction.