Shloka 48
अनुभूतानि दुः:खानि तेषां हेतुस्त्वमेव हि । दुःखान्येतानि जानीमो न सुखानि कदाचन
anubhūtāni duḥkhāni teṣāṃ hetus tvam eva hi | duḥkhāny etāni jānīmo na sukhāni kadācana
ความทุกข์ที่ท่านได้ประสบมาทั้งหมด—แท้จริงแล้วท่านเองคือเหตุแห่งมัน เรารู้จักเพียงสิ่งนี้เท่านั้น: ความทุกข์ และไม่เคยรู้จักความสุขเลยแม้กาลใด
संजय उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse stresses moral causality and personal responsibility: one’s present suffering is not merely fate or others’ doing, but arises from one’s own choices and actions; recognizing this is an ethical awakening aligned with the Mahābhārata’s emphasis on karma and accountability.
Sañjaya, reporting events and also offering pointed counsel, addresses his listener with a blunt assessment: the hardships being endured have been self-caused, and the situation has become so dominated by grief that only sorrow is felt, not happiness—an admonition framed within the grim momentum of the Kurukṣetra war.