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Shloka 40

प्रयाहि वृद्धिं च दिशन्तु देवता यथाहमिच्छामि तवास्तु तत्‌ तथा | प्रयाहि शीघ्रं जहि कर्णमाहवे पुरंदरो वृत्रमिवात्मवृद्धये,“जाओ, देवता तुम्हें अभ्युदय प्रदान करें। मैं तुम्हारे लिये जैसा चाहता हूँ, वैसा ही सब कुछ तुम्हें प्राप्त हो। आगे बढ़ो और युद्धस्थलमें शीघ्र ही कर्णको मार डालो। ठीक उसी तरह, जैसे देवराज इन्द्रने अपने ही ऐश्वर्यकी वृद्धिके लिये वृत्रासुरका नाश किया था!

prayāhi vṛddhiṃ ca diśantu devatā yathāham icchāmi tavāstu tat tathā | prayāhi śīghraṃ jahi karṇam āhave puraṃdaro vṛtram ivātmavṛddhaye ||

จงออกไปเถิด ขอเหล่าเทพประทานความรุ่งเรืองแก่เจ้า ขอให้เป็นไปดังที่เราปรารถนาเพื่อเจ้า จงรีบยาตราและสังหารกรรณะในสมรภูมิ—ดุจปุรันทรอินทราได้ฆ่าวฤตระเพื่อเพิ่มพูนอำนาจแห่งตน

प्रयाहिgo forth; proceed
प्रयाहि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (धातु: या)
Formलोट् (imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यम, एकवचन
वृद्धिम्prosperity; increase
वृद्धिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृद्धि
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दिशन्तुmay (they) grant; let (them) bestow
दिशन्तु:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदिश्
Formलोट् (imperative/benedictive sense), परस्मैपद, प्रथम, बहुवचन
देवताःthe gods; deities
देवताः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
यथाas; in the manner that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Formपुंलिङ्ग (सर्वनाम), प्रथमा, एकवचन
इच्छामिI desire; I wish
इच्छामि:
TypeVerb
Rootइष् (इच्छ्)
Formलट् (present), परस्मैपद, उत्तम, एकवचन
तवfor you; of you
तव:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Formपुंलिङ्ग (सर्वनाम), षष्ठी, एकवचन
अस्तुlet it be; may it be
अस्तु:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
Formलोट् (imperative/benedictive), परस्मैपद, प्रथम, एकवचन
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
तथाso; thus
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
प्रयाहिgo forth; proceed
प्रयाहि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या (धातु: या)
Formलोट् (imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यम, एकवचन
शीघ्रम्quickly
शीघ्रम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootशीघ्र
जहिslay; kill
जहि:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formलोट् (imperative), परस्मैपद, मध्यम, एकवचन
कर्णम्Karna
कर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
आहवेin battle
आहवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआहव
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एका (एकवचन)
पुरंदरःPurandara (Indra)
पुरंदरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरंदर
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
वृत्रम्Vritra
वृत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन
इवlike; as
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
आत्मवृद्धयेfor (his) own increase/prosperity
आत्मवृद्धये:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मन् + वृद्धि
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
I
Indra (Puraṃdara)
V
Vṛtra
D
Devatāḥ (the gods)
Ā
Āhava (battlefield)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames battlefield action through a divine precedent: victory is urged not merely as personal prowess but as a sanctioned, goal-oriented act. At the same time, the comparison to Indra killing Vṛtra ‘for his own increase’ highlights the moral tension in war—how appeals to divine models can be used to justify violence and political advantage.

Sañjaya delivers an exhortation to advance swiftly and kill Karṇa in battle, blessing the addressee with divine favor and success. He reinforces the urgency and legitimacy of the act by invoking the mythic example of Indra (Puraṃdara) slaying Vṛtra to secure and expand his own sovereignty.