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Shloka 18

कर्णपर्व — अध्याय ४०

Karṇa’s Pressure on the Pāñcālas; Duryodhana Disabled; Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

तान्‌ सो$भिपत्य जिज्ञासु: क एषां श्रेष्ठभागिति,तमाद्दयत दुर्बद्धि: पताव इति पक्षिणम्‌ । फिर वह जूठनपर घमंड करनेवाला कौआ इन हंसोंमें सबसे श्रेष्ठ कौन है? यह जाननेकी इच्छासे उड़कर उनके पास गया और दूरतक उड़नेवाले उन बहुसंख्यक हंसोंमेंसे जिस पक्षीको उसने श्रेष्ठ समझा, उसीको उस दुर्बुद्धिने ललकारते हुए कहा--“चलो, हम दोनों उड़ें!

tān so’bhipatya jijñāsuḥ ka eṣāṃ śreṣṭhabhāg iti | tam ādadāya durbuddhiḥ patāv iti pakṣiṇam ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า—ด้วยความใคร่รู้ว่า “ในหมู่นี้ผู้ใดเลิศที่สุด ได้ส่วนอันประเสริฐ?” อีกาผู้เขลาจึงบินเข้าไปหา เหล่าหงส์ผู้บินไกลมีมากมาย มันเลือกตัวที่เห็นว่ายอดเยี่ยมแล้วท้าทายว่า “มาเถิด เราสองจงบินแข่งกัน!”

तान्those (them)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभिपत्यhaving flown up/approached by flying
अभिपत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√पत्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
जिज्ञासुःdesirous to know
जिज्ञासुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootजिज्ञासु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कःwho
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषाम्of these
एषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural
श्रेष्ठभाग्having the best share; the foremost
श्रेष्ठभाग्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठभाग्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
तम्him (that one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आदायhaving taken/selected
आदाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-√दा
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
दुर्बुद्धिःthe foolish one
दुर्बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्बुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पतगम्the bird
पतगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपतग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
पक्षिणम्the winged one; bird
पक्षिणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपक्षिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
C
crow (kāka)
S
swans (haṃsa)

Educational Q&A

The verse critiques arrogance and shallow judgment: the crow, puffed up and lacking discernment, presumes it can challenge the best among the swans. It warns that pride without true merit leads to reckless rivalry and humiliation.

Sañjaya narrates an illustrative episode: a crow approaches a flock of swans to find the ‘best’ among them and then provocatively challenges that chosen swan to a flying contest.