Shloka 23
Aśvatthāman’s Arrow-Screen and the Confrontation with Yudhiṣṭhira (द्रौणि–युधिष्ठिर-संग्रामः)
Devanagari script
मित्रध्रुड्मद्रको नित्यं यो नो द्वेष्टि स मद्रक: । मद्रके संगतं नास्ति क्षुद्रवाक्ये नराधमे
Translation
ชาวมทรผู้นั้นย่อมทรยศต่อมิตรอยู่เนืองนิตย์; ผู้ใดเกลียดชังเรามิได้มีเหตุ ผู้นั้นแลคือมทร. ในมทรผู้ต่ำช้า ผู้กล่าววาจาหยาบคาย ย่อมไม่มีไมตรีต่อผู้ใดเลย.
Word by Word
मित्रध्रुक्friend-hater / one who harms friends
मित्रध्रुक्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमित्रध्रुच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मद्रकःa Madraka (man of Madra)
मद्रकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नित्यम्always
नित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनित्य
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नःof us / our
नः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Plural
द्वेष्टिhates
द्वेष्टि:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootद्विष्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मद्रकःa Madraka
मद्रकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मद्रकेin/among a Madraka
मद्रके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमद्रक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
सङ्गतम्association / connection (lit. 'joined')
सङ्गतम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसङ्गत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
नnot
न:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन
अस्तिis / exists
अस्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
क्षुद्रवाक्येin petty speech / in mean words
क्षुद्रवाक्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootक्षुद्रवाक्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
नराधमेin the lowest of men / in a vile man
नराधमे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनराधम
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
Speaker
कर्ण उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes