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Shloka 31

अध्याय २९: कर्णस्य शल्यं प्रति शापस्मरणं च युद्धनिश्चयः | Chapter 29: Karṇa recalls curses to Śalya and declares resolve for battle

रथिन: समहामात्रान्‌ गजानश्वान्‌ ससादिन: । पत्तिव्रातांश्व संक्रुद्धो निध्नन्‌ कर्णो व्यदृश्यत,क्रोधमें भरा हुआ कर्ण रथियों, महावतोंसहित हाथियों, सवारोंसहित घोड़ों तथा पैदलसमूहोंका वध करता देखा जा रहा था

rathinaḥ sa-mahāmātrān gajān aśvān sa-sādinaḥ | pattivrātāṁś ca saṁkruddho nighnan karṇo vyadṛśyata ||

เมื่อโทสะพลุ่งพล่าน กรรณะปรากฏให้เห็นว่ากำลังสังหารเหล่านักรบรถศึก ช้างพร้อมมหามาตรผู้บังคับบัญชา ม้าพร้อมผู้ขี่ และหมู่ทหารราบเป็นอันมาก

रथिनःchariot-warriors
रथिनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
with
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महामात्रान्great officers/commanders
महामात्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहामात्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
गजान्elephants
गजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अश्वान्horses
अश्वान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
with
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सादिनःriders/horsemen
सादिनः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसादिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
पत्तिव्रातान्masses of foot-soldiers
पत्तिव्रातान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपत्तिव्रात
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
संक्रुद्धःenraged
संक्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसंक्रुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निघ्नन्slaying (striking down)
निघ्नन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनिहन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्णःKarna
कर्णः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
व्यदृश्यतwas seen/appeared
व्यदृश्यत:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Passive (Karmani)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
R
rathin (chariot-warriors)
M
mahāmātra (great officers/commanders)
G
gaja (war-elephants)
A
aśva (horses)
S
sādin (riders/mounted men)
P
patti (infantry)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the moral danger of krodha (wrath): even heroic capability, when driven by anger, becomes a force of sweeping destruction. It implicitly contrasts martial duty with the need for inner restraint and discernment.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Karṇa, furious in the midst of battle, is visibly cutting down multiple divisions—chariot-fighters, elephant units with their commanders, cavalry with riders, and infantry formations.