Shloka 9
काकोपमोपदेशः
The Crow-and-Swan Exemplum as Counsel to Karṇa
Devanagari script
ततो युधिष्ठिर: क्रुद्ध: प्रभिन्न इव कुड्जर:
Transliteration
tato yudhiṣṭhiraḥ kruddhaḥ prabhinna iva kuñjaraḥ
Translation
แล้วนั้น ยุธิษฐิระผู้ลุกโชนด้วยโทสะ ก็เป็นดุจช้างตกมัน
Word by Word
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (पञ्चमी-अर्थे: 'from/thereupon')
युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध् (धातु) → क्रुद्ध (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
प्रभिन्नःrushing/maddened (as in musth)
प्रभिन्नः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभिद् (धातु) + प्र-उपसर्ग → प्रभिन्न (क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
इवlike/as
इव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
Formअव्यय (उपमा-अर्थे)
कुञ्जरःelephant
कुञ्जरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुञ्जर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
Y
YudhiṣṭhiraS
SañjayaE
elephant (kuñjara)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the ethical strain of warfare: even a dharma-minded king like Yudhiṣṭhira can be driven into fierce anger. It implicitly warns that righteous intent must continually contend with powerful emotions, especially under the demands of kṣatriya duty.
Sañjaya reports that Yudhiṣṭhira becomes intensely angry, compared to a rut-maddened elephant—an image signaling a sudden surge of unstoppable martial energy and a shift from restraint to aggressive action in the battle context.