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Shloka 4

काकोपमोपदेशः

The Crow-and-Swan Exemplum as Counsel to Karṇa

अपराह्ने कथं युद्धमभवल्लोमहर्षणम्‌ । तन्ममाचक्ष्व तत्त्वेन कुशलो हासि संजय,संजय! अपराह्नकालमें किस प्रकार वह रोमांचकारी युद्ध हुआ था? यह मुझे ठीक- ठीक बताओ; क्योंकि तुम उसका वर्णन करनेमें कुशल हो

aparāhne kathaṃ yuddham abhaval lomaharṣaṇam | tan mamācakṣva tattvena kuśalo hāsi saṃjaya saṃjaya ||

ในยามบ่ายนั้น ศึกอันน่าขนลุกเกิดขึ้นอย่างไร? จงบอกความจริงแก่เราตามที่เป็นอยู่เถิด โอสัญชัย เพราะเจ้าชำนาญในการเล่าเหตุการณ์

अपराह्नेin the afternoon
अपराह्ने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअपराह्न
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
कथम्how
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
युद्धम्the battle
युद्धम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुद्ध
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्was / happened
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
लोमहर्षणम्hair-raising, thrilling
लोमहर्षणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootलोमहर्षण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (event)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ममto me / of me
मम:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular, 1st
आचक्ष्वtell, relate
आचक्ष्व:
TypeVerb
Rootचक्ष्
FormImperative (Loṭ), 2nd, Singular, Ātmanepada
तत्त्वेनin truth / accurately
तत्त्वेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कुशलःskilled
कुशलः:
TypeAdjective
Rootकुशल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हिindeed, for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
असिyou are
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent (Laṭ), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
संजयO Sañjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
संजयO Sañjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Saṃjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical value of truthful testimony (tattvena): in the chaos of war, accurate narration matters for judgment, responsibility, and understanding dharma beyond propaganda or emotion.

The listener (the king, addressing Saṃjaya) asks for a precise account of how the intense afternoon fighting unfolded, emphasizing Saṃjaya’s skill as a reliable narrator of battlefield events.