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Shloka 33

काकोपमोपदेशः

The Crow-and-Swan Exemplum as Counsel to Karṇa

रथपर बैठे हुए ही दुर्योधनका कवच फाड़कर वह शक्ति उसकी छातीमें चुभ गयी। इससे अत्यन्त उद्विग्नचित्त होकर दुर्योधन गिरा और मूर्च्छित हो गया ।। भीमस्तमाह च ततः: प्रतिज्ञामनुचिन्तयन्‌ । नायं वध्यस्तव नृप इत्युक्त: स न्यवर्तत,उस समय भीमसेनने अपनी प्रतिज्ञाका विचार करते हुए युधिष्ठिस्से कहा--“महाराज! यह राजा दुर्योधन आपका वध्य नहीं है।” उनके ऐसा कहनेपर राजा युधिष्ठिर उसके वधसे निवृत्त हो गये

rathopaviṣṭasyaiva duryodhanasya kavacaṃ vidārya sā śaktir asya vakṣasi prāviśat | tena atyantaṃ udvignacitto duryodhano nipapāta mūrcchito 'bhavat || bhīmas tam āha ca tataḥ pratijñām anucintayan | nāyaṃ vadhyas tava nṛpa ity uktaḥ sa nyavartata ||

ขณะทุรโยธน์ยังนั่งอยู่บนรถศึก ศัสตรานั้นฉีกเกราะแล้วแทงทะลุอก เขาจิตใจปั่นป่วนยิ่งนัก จึงทรุดลงและสลบไป ครั้นแล้วภีมเสนระลึกถึงปฏิญาณของตน จึงทูลยุธิษฐิระว่า “ข้าแต่มหาราช ทุรโยธน์ผู้นี้มิใช่ผู้ที่พระองค์พึงประหาร” เมื่อได้ฟังดังนั้น ธรรมราชยุธิษฐิระก็ทรงงดเว้นจากการฆ่าเขา

भीमःBhima
भीमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आहsaid
आह:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
प्रतिज्ञाम्vow, promise
प्रतिज्ञाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिज्ञा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अनुचिन्तयन्reflecting upon
अनुचिन्तयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-चिन्त्
FormPresent active participle (Parasmaipada), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वध्यःto be slain, killable
वध्यः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तवof you/for you
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
नृपO king
नृप:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्तःhaving been said/told
उक्तः:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPast passive participle, Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
न्यवर्तत्desisted/withdrew/turned back
न्यवर्तत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-√वृत्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duryodhana
B
Bhīma (Bhīmasena)
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
R
ratha (chariot)
K
kavaca (armor)
Ś
śakti (weapon/spear)

Educational Q&A

Even in war, dharma operates through self-restraint and fidelity to one’s pledged word. Bhīma’s reminder shows that victory is not pursued by abandoning ethical boundaries; a king’s action must remain aligned with rightful conduct and agreed limits of combat.

Duryodhana is struck on the chest by a śakti that tears through his armor, causing him to fall unconscious. Immediately afterward, Bhīma—mindful of his vow—tells Yudhiṣṭhira that Duryodhana is not for Yudhiṣṭhira to kill, and Yudhiṣṭhira refrains from slaying him.