Shloka 10

Droṇanidhana-anantaraṃ sainya-viṣādaḥ and Karṇa-pravṛttiḥ

After Droṇa’s fall: army despondency and Karṇa’s advance

Devanagari script

धृतराष्ट उवाच आपगेये हते शूरे दिव्यास्त्रवति संजय । द्रोणे च परमेष्वासे भृशं मे व्यथितं मन:,धृतराष्ट्र बोले--संजय! दिव्यास्त्रोंके ज्ञाता शूरवीर गंगानन्दन भीष्म तथा महाधनुर्धर ट्रोणाचार्यके मारे जानेसे मेरे मनमें बड़ी भारी व्यथा हो रही है

Transliteration

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | āpageye hate śūre divyāstraviti sañjaya | droṇe ca parameṣvāse bhṛśaṃ me vyathitaṃ manaḥ ||

Translation

ธฤตราษฏระตรัสว่า “สัญชัย! ใจของเราถูกความทุกข์บีบคั้นอย่างยิ่ง เมื่อภีษมะ วีรบุรุษโอรสแห่งคงคา ผู้รู้ศัสตราทิพย์ ถูกสังหาร และเมื่อโทรณะ ยอดนักธนู ก็ถูกฆ่า ความระทมใหญ่หลวงก็ครอบงำเรา”

Word by Word

धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra

उवाचsaid

आपगेयेwhen/with the son of the Gaṅgā (Bhīṣma)

हतेwhen slain

शूरेin the hero (i.e., the heroic one)

दिव्यास्त्रवतिin the knower/possessor of divine weapons

संजयO Sañjaya

द्रोणेwhen/with Droṇa

चand

परमेष्वासेin the supreme archer

भृशम्exceedingly

मेmy

व्यथितम्afflicted, pained

मनःmind

Speaker

धृतराष्ट उवाच

Characters & Entities

Dhṛtarāṣṭra

Sañjaya

Bhīṣma (Āpageya, son of Gaṅgā)

Gaṅgā

Droṇa (Droṇācārya)

divyāstras (celestial weapons)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how attachment and partiality in leadership lead to inner torment when consequences unfold. Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s sorrow is not merely personal loss; it reflects the moral cost of sustaining an unrighteous war and relying on great warriors to uphold a flawed cause.

What is happening in the narrative?

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, hearing the war report from Sañjaya, laments the deaths of Bhīṣma (the Gaṅgā-born hero) and Droṇa (the supreme archer). Their fall signals a major turning point in the Kurukṣetra war and intensifies the king’s anxiety for his sons’ fate.