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Mahabharata 7.73.20Drona Parva, Adhyaya 73, Shloka 20

द्रोण–सात्यकि द्वैरथम्

Droṇa and Sātyaki: The Chariot Duel

अजुन उवाच सत्यं वः प्रतिजानामि श्वो5स्मि हन्ता जयद्रथम्‌ । न चेद्‌ वधभयाद्‌ भीतो धार्तराष्ट्रान्‌ प्रहास्यति

arjuna uvāca satyaṁ vaḥ pratijānāmi śvo ’smi hantā jayadratham | na ced vadhabhayād bhīto dhārtarāṣṭrān prahāsyati ||

อรชุนกล่าวว่า—ข้าขอสาบานด้วยสัตย์ต่อหน้าท่านทั้งหลายว่า พรุ่งนี้ข้าจะสังหารชัยทรถะ และหากเขาเกรงกลัวความตายแล้วไม่ละทิ้งบุตรแห่งธฤตราษฏระ ไม่เข้ามาขอพึ่งพิง—ไม่ว่าจะต่อข้า ต่อพระศรีกฤษณะผู้เป็นปุรุโษตตมะ หรือ ต่อท่าน มหาราช—พรุ่งนี้ข้าจะฆ่าเขาเป็นแน่

अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
सत्यम्truthfully / the truth
सत्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसत्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वःto you (all)
वः:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Plural, Second
प्रतिजानामिI promise / I vow
प्रतिजानामि:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति-ज्ञा
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
श्वःtomorrow
श्वः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootश्वस्
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, First, Singular, Parasmaipada
हन्ताslayer
हन्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, agent noun (tṛc/ṛc-type: हन्तृ > हन्ता)
जयद्रथम्Jayadratha
जयद्रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजयद्रथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चेत्if
चेत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootचेत्
वधभयात्from fear of death/slaying
वधभयात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootवध-भय
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
भीतःafraid
भीतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, past passive participle (kta): भीत
धार्तराष्ट्रान्the sons of Dhritarashtra
धार्तराष्ट्रान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधार्तराष्ट्र
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रहास्यतिwill laugh at / will mock
प्रहास्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-हस्
FormSimple Future, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
J
Jayadratha
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Dhārtarāṣṭras (Kauravas)
P
Puruṣottama Śrī Kṛṣṇa

Educational Q&A

The verse foregrounds satya (truthfulness) expressed as a public vow and the kṣatriya ethic of accountability: a warrior’s word binds him, and justice in war is pursued within a moral frame that still leaves room for śaraṇāgati (seeking refuge) as an alternative to destruction.

After the day’s crisis involving Jayadratha, Arjuna declares before his allies a firm next-day vow to kill Jayadratha. He adds a conditional: if Jayadratha, fearing death, does not abandon the Kauravas and seek protection (in Arjuna, Kṛṣṇa, or their side), then Arjuna will certainly slay him the next day.

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