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Mahabharata 7.49.9Drona Parva, Adhyaya 49, Shloka 9

Droṇa-parva Adhyāya 49: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Lament and Strategic Foreboding after Abhimanyu’s Fall

दौ:शासनिरथं साश्वं गदया समपोथयत्‌ । इसके बाद दस वसातीय रथियोंको मार डाला। केकयोंके सात रथों और दस हाथियोंको मारकर दुःशासनकुमारके घोड़ोंसहित रथको भी गदाके आघातसे चूर-चूर कर डाला ।।

dauḥśāsanirathaṃ sāśvaṃ gadayā samapothayat | tato dauḥśāsaniḥ kruddho gadām udyamya māriṣa ||

แล้วเขาใช้คทาทุบรถศึกของบุตรทุศศาสนะให้แหลกเป็นผุยผง พร้อมทั้งม้าลากรถด้วย ครั้นนั้นบุตรทุศศาสนะก็เดือดดาล—โอผู้เป็นที่รัก—ชูคทาขึ้น เตรียมโต้กลับ

दौःशासनिरथम्the chariot of Duhshasana's son
दौःशासनिरथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदौःशासनि-रथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
साश्वम्with horses
साश्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootस-अश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
गदयाwith a mace
गदया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
समपोथयत्smashed/crushed
समपोथयत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + पुथ्/पथ् (पोथयति)
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
दौःशासनिḥDuhshasana's son
दौःशासनिḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदौःशासनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रुद्धःangry
क्रुद्धः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुद्ध (√क्रुध्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गदाम्a mace
गदाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
उद्यम्यhaving lifted/raising
उद्यम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउद् + √यम्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (sense)
मारिषO sir!/O dear one!
मारिष:
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duḥśāsana
D
Duḥśāsana’s son (Dauḥśāsani)
C
chariot (ratha)
H
horses (aśva)
M
mace (gadā)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) fuels retaliation and intensifies destruction; in dharmic terms, loss of self-control on the battlefield leads to further adharma-like excess even within the frame of kṣatriya warfare.

A warrior crushes Duḥśāsana’s son’s horse-chariot with a mace; immediately afterward, the son—furious—raises his own mace to counterattack, signaling the next exchange in the duel.

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