Mahabharata 7.112.81 — Drona Parva, Adhyaya 112, Shloka 81

द्रोणपर्व (अध्याय ११२) — कर्णभीमयोर्युद्धम्, दुर्योधनस्य रक्षणादेशः

Droṇa-parva 112: Karṇa–Bhīma Engagement and Duryodhana’s Protective Order

Devanagari script

श्यामो युवा गुडाकेशो दर्शनीयश्व पाण्डव:

Transliteration

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | śyāmo yuvā guḍākeśo darśanīyaś ca pāṇḍavaḥ | nidrāvijayī pāṇḍukumāro 'rjunaḥ śyāmavarṇavān darśanīyas taruṇaḥ | sa śīghratāpūrvakam astrāṇi prayuṅkte vicitrarītyā ca yudhyate | tāta! tena mahābāhunā vīreṇa sūryodaye ekākī kauravī-senāyāṃ praveśaḥ kṛtaḥ, idānīṃ ca divaso vyatīyate ||

Translation

ยุธิษฐิระกล่าวว่า “อรชุน ผู้มีผิวดุจเมฆคราม วัยหนุ่มนามคุฑาเกศะ งามเด่นในหมู่ปาณฑพ ผู้พิชิตนิทรา ใช้อาวุธได้ฉับไวและรบด้วยกลศึกอันพิสดาร บิดาเอ๋ย! ครั้นอรุณรุ่ง วีรบุรุษผู้มีพาหุอันยิ่งใหญ่นั้นได้บุกเข้าสู่กองทัพเการพเพียงลำพัง และบัดนี้วันเวลาก็กำลังล่วงไปไม่หยุดยั้ง”

Word by Word

• श्यामः: dark-complexioned
• श्यामः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: श्याम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• युवा: young
• युवा: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: युवन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गुडाकेशः: Gudakesha (Arjuna; 'conqueror of sleep')
• गुडाकेशः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: गुडाकेश
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दर्शनीय-अश्वः: having splendid horses
• दर्शनीय-अश्वः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दर्शनीय + अश्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पाण्डवः: the Pandava (Arjuna)
• पाण्डवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• निद्रा-विजयी: conqueror of sleep
• निद्रा-विजयी: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निद्रा + विजयी
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पाण्डु-कुमारः: son of Pandu
• पाण्डु-कुमारः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डु + कुमार
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अर्जुनः: Arjuna
• अर्जुनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

युधिष्ठिर उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Yudhiṣṭhira
• Arjuna
• Guḍākeśa
• Pāṇḍavas
• Kaurava army
• Sunrise (sūryodaya)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights vigilant discipline and steadfast courage: a dharmic warrior must combine self-mastery (conquering sleep, remaining alert) with skill and responsibility, while recognizing that time is a moral pressure—delay can endanger one’s cause and dependents.

What is happening in the narrative?

Yudhiṣṭhira describes Arjuna’s appearance and prowess and expresses concern: Arjuna entered the Kaurava host alone at sunrise, and as the day advances without news, anxiety grows about his situation and the outcome of his mission.