Mahabharata 7.103.39 — Drona Parva, Adhyaya 103, Shloka 39

भीमसेन-द्रोण-संग्रामः

Bhīmasena and Droṇa: Containment, Advance, and Recognition

Devanagari script

ततः सर्वेषु सैन्येषु वादित्राणि प्रहृष्टवत्‌ । प्रावाद्यन्त व्यतिक्रान्ते तव पुत्रे धनंजयम्‌,तदनन्तर आपका पुत्र दुर्योधन जब अर्जुनको भी लाँधकर आगे बढ़ गया, तब सारी सेनाओंमें हर्षपूर्ण बाजे बजने लगे

Transliteration

tataḥ sarveṣu sainyeṣu vāditrāṇi prahṛṣṭavat | prāvādyanta vyatikrānte tava putre dhanañjayam ||

Translation

ครั้นต่อมา เมื่อโอรสของพระองค์คือทุรโยธนะพุ่งล้ำหน้าธนัญชัย (อรชุน) ไปแล้ว ทั่วทั้งกองทัพต่างบรรเลงสรรพเสียงดุริยางค์ด้วยความโห่ร้องยินดี

Word by Word

• ततः: then, thereafter
• ततः: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
• Form: avyaya

• सर्वेषु: in all
• सर्वेषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व
• Form: masculine/neuter, locative, plural

• सैन्येषु: armies, forces
• सैन्येषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: neuter, locative, plural

• वादित्राणि: musical instruments, drums/trumpets
• वादित्राणि: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वादित्र
• Form: neuter, nominative, plural

• प्रहृष्टवत्: joyfully, as if delighted
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: प्रहृष्टवत्
• Form: avyaya (adverbial usage)

• प्रावाद्यन्त: were sounded, resounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र + वद्
• Form: imperfect (laṅ), 3rd person, plural, parasmaipada

• व्यतिक्रान्ते: when (he) had passed beyond/overstepped
• व्यतिक्रान्ते: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + अति + क्रम्
• Form: past passive participle, locative, singular (masculine/neuter)

• तव: your
• तव: Sambandha
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: genitive, singular

• पुत्रे: in/when (your) son
• पुत्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: masculine, locative, singular

• धनंजयम्: Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
• धनंजयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: धनंजय
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Duryodhana
• Arjuna (Dhanañjaya)
• armies (sainyāni)
• musical instruments (vāditrāṇi)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how external success in battle—especially a bold advance against a famed warrior—immediately shapes collective emotion and morale. It implicitly warns that the roar of celebration can magnify pride and overconfidence, even while the ethical stakes of the war remain unresolved.

What is happening in the narrative?

Duryodhana moves forward, surpassing Arjuna’s position or line of engagement. Seeing this, the Kaurava side (and the wider battlefield) erupts in celebratory music—drums and other instruments—signaling perceived advantage and rallying the troops.