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Shloka 1

Adhyāya 74 (Book 6, Bhīṣma-parva): Bhīma–Duryodhana re-engagement and afternoon escalation

अप्-#-रा+ एकसप्ततितमो< ध्याय: भीष्म, अर्जुन आदि योद्धाओंका घमासान युद्ध संजय उवाच दृष्टवा भीष्मेण संसक्तान्‌ भ्रातृनन्यांश्व पार्थिवान्‌ । समभ्यधावद्‌ गाड़्रेयमुद्यतास्त्रो धनंजय:,संजय कहते हैं--महाराज! अपने भाइयों तथा दूसरे राजाओंको भीष्मके साथ उलझा हुआ देख अस्त्र उठाये हुए अर्जुनने भी गंगानन्दन भीष्मपर धावा किया

sañjaya uvāca | dṛṣṭvā bhīṣmeṇa saṃsaktān bhrātṝn anyāṃś ca pārthivān | samabhyadhāvad gāṅgreyam udyatāstro dhanañjayaḥ ||

สัญชัยกล่าวว่า—ข้าแต่พระราชา! ครั้นธนัญชัย (อรชุน) เห็นพี่น้องของตนและกษัตริย์อื่น ๆ กำลังพันพัวรบกับภีษมะ จึงยกอาวุธขึ้นแล้วพุ่งเข้าหาภีษมะแห่งคงคาโดยตรง

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage)
भीष्मेणby/with Bhishma
भीष्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
संसक्तान्engaged/entangled (in combat)
संसक्तान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंसक्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
भ्रातॄन्brothers
भ्रातॄन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अन्यान्other
अन्यान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पार्थिवान्kings
पार्थिवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
समभ्यधावत्ran up/charged
समभ्यधावत्:
TypeVerb
Rootधाव्
FormImperfect, Third, Singular
गाङ्ग्रेयम्the son of Ganga (Bhishma)
गाङ्ग्रेयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाङ्ग्रेय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उद्यतास्त्रःwith weapon raised
उद्यतास्त्रः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउद्यतास्त्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनंजयःDhananjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'O King')
B
Bhīṣma
A
Arjuna (Dhanañjaya)
G
Gaṅgā (implied by epithet Gāṅgeya)
A
Arjuna’s brothers (the Pāṇḍavas, implied)
O
Other kings/rulers (pārthivāḥ)
W
Weapons (astra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya tension between reverence for elders and the obligation to protect one’s side in a righteous battle. Arjuna’s act—raising weapons against Bhīṣma—illustrates that dharma in war can demand painful choices where personal affection yields to duty and the immediate protection of one’s allies.

Sañjaya reports to the king that Arjuna, seeing his brothers and other allied kings caught up in fierce fighting with Bhīṣma, readies his weapons and rushes to engage Bhīṣma directly, escalating the duel against the foremost Kaurava commander.