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Shloka 40

Karma-Saṃnyāsa–Karma-Yoga Saṃvāda

Renunciation and the Discipline of Action

इन्द्रियाणि मनो बुद्धिरस्याधिष्ठानमुच्यते । एतैर्विमोहयत्येष ज्ञानमावृत्य देहिनम्‌

indriyāṇi mano buddhir asyādhiṣṭhānam ucyate | etair vimohayaty eṣa jñānam āvṛtya dehinam ||

อินทรีย์ทั้งหลาย จิต และปัญญา—กล่าวกันว่าเป็นที่ตั้งของมัน ด้วยสิ่งเหล่านี้เอง มันปิดบังความรู้แล้วทำให้ผู้มีร่างกายหลงมัวเมา

इन्द्रियाणिthe senses
इन्द्रियाणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
मनःthe mind
मनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धिःthe intellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अस्यof this (being/one)
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अधिष्ठानम्the seat; basis
अधिष्ठानम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअधिष्ठान
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said; is called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
एतैःby these
एतैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
विमोहयतिbewilders; deludes
विमोहयति:
TypeVerb
Rootमुह्
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, Active
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ज्ञानम्knowledge
ज्ञानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आवृत्यhaving covered; veiling
आवृत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), आ, having covered/veiled
देहिनम्the embodied (soul/person)
देहिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेहिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
S
senses (indriyāṇi)
M
mind (manas)
I
intellect (buddhi)
T
the embodied being (dehin)

Educational Q&A

The verse identifies how delusion operates: it takes hold through the senses, mind, and intellect, and by working through these faculties it covers discernment (jñāna). Ethical clarity therefore requires disciplined governance of these inner instruments.

In the Bhīṣma Parva’s Bhagavadgītā dialogue on the battlefield, Arjuna articulates a psychological insight about the inner enemy that obstructs right action: it resides in and manipulates the senses, mind, and intellect, thereby clouding the embodied person’s understanding.