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Shloka 30

Bhīṣma-nipāta-saṃvāda — Sañjaya’s Report of Bhīṣma’s Fall (भीष्मनिपातसंवादः)

गदासिमकरावासं हयावर्त गजाकुलम्‌ | पदातिमत्स्यकलिलं शड्खदुन्दुभिनि:स्वनम्‌

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvāca | gadāsimakarāvāsaṃ hayāvarta-gajākulam | padāti-matsya-kalilaṃ śaṅkha-dundubhi-niḥsvanam ||

ในนั้น กระบองและดาบเป็นดุจจระเข้; วังวนแห่งม้าทำให้พรั่นพรึง; ช้างทั้งหลายแน่นขนัดดุจช้างน้ำ; ทหารราบดูประหนึ่งฝูงปลาทึบ; และเสียงสังข์กับเสียงกลองดุนทุภีคือเสียงคำรามของมหาสมุทรนั้น.

गदाmace
गदा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगदा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
असिsword
असि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअसि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मकरcrocodile/sea-monster
मकर:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमकर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आवासम्abode; dwelling-place
आवासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआवास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हयhorse
हय:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आवर्तwhirlpool; eddy
आवर्त:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआवर्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
गजelephant
गज:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
आकुलम्crowded; filled; agitated
आकुलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआकुल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पदातिfoot-soldier; infantry
पदाति:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मत्स्यfish
मत्स्य:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कलिलम्dense; thick; turbid; crowded
कलिलम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootकलिल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शङ्खconch
शङ्ख:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशङ्ख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुन्दुभिkettledrum; war-drum
दुन्दुभि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदुन्दुभि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निःस्वनम्sound; roar; reverberation
निःस्वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिःस्वन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

धृतराष्ट उवाच

D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
G
gadā (mace)
A
asi (sword)
H
haya (horses)
G
gaja (elephants)
P
padāti (infantry)
Ś
śaṅkha (conch)
D
dundubhi (war-drum)

Educational Q&A

The verse does not give a direct moral injunction; it intensifies the ethical gravity of war by portraying the battlefield as a perilous ocean. The imagery underscores how weapons and armies become forces of destruction, inviting reflection on the cost of adharma-driven conflict and the fearful momentum of violence once unleashed.

Dhṛtarāṣṭra, hearing Sañjaya’s account, describes (or echoes the description of) the Kurukṣetra scene through a sustained ocean-simile: weapons are sea-monsters, cavalry are whirlpools, elephants are aquatic giants, infantry are shoals of fish, and the conches and drums form the ocean’s roar—conveying the vast, chaotic, and terrifying onset of battle.